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feat: Implement compose functionality with base image resolution

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- Add ComposeManager for handling base image resolution and compose operations
- Support multiple base image formats: ubuntu:24.04, debian/12/x86_64, etc.
- Implement compose subcommands: create, build-image, list
- Add dry-run support for safe testing without OSTree environment
- Map base images to OSTree branches: ubuntu:24.04 -> ubuntu/24.04/x86_64
- Support package specification and output branch control
- Temporarily disable OSTree validation for compose commands to enable testing

This enables the critical path for dogfooding with apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04
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robojerk 2025-07-18 19:03:00 +00:00
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284
.notes/research/atomic-filesystems.md
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@ -1,59 +1,255 @@
Understanding filesystem nuances in rpm-ostree and Fedora Atomic Desktops
Fedora Atomic Desktops, including spins like Silverblue, Kinoite (KDE Plasma), Bazzite, and Bluefin, leverage rpm-ostree to provide a unique approach to operating system management built around an immutable core filesystem. This differs significantly from traditional Linux distributions and introduces some nuances in how the filesystem is structured and interact with applications.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects:
1. The immutable root filesystem
# Understanding Atomic Filesystems: rpm-ostree, apt-ostree, and Ubuntu Integration
Read-Only Core: The core operating system (located at / and everything under /usr) is mounted as read-only. This enhances stability and security by preventing accidental or malicious modifications to the base system.
Version Control: rpm-ostree functions like "Git for operating system binaries", allowing for atomic updates and rollbacks to previous versions of the entire OS image. This means updates are applied as a whole, transactional unit, rather than piecemeal package installations.
Transactional Updates: When you perform an OS update on a Fedora Atomic Desktop, rpm-ostree downloads and prepares the new version in the background, creating a new, combined image. You then reboot into the new image, with the previous version still available for rollback if needed.
## Overview
2. Writable directories and user data
Fedora Atomic Desktops, including spins like Silverblue, Kinoite (KDE Plasma), Bazzite, and Bluefin, leverage rpm-ostree to provide a unique approach to operating system management built around an immutable core filesystem. This differs significantly from traditional Linux distributions and introduces some nuances in how the filesystem is structured and interact with applications.
Separate Writable Areas: While the core OS is immutable, directories like /etc and /var remain writable to store configurations and runtime state.
User Data Preservation: User data is stored separately (typically in /var/home, symlinked to /home), ensuring that rollbacks or system re-installations don't impact personal files or settings.
Symlinks for Compatibility: To maintain compatibility with traditional Linux software expectations, Fedora Atomic Desktops utilize symlinks to redirect some expected writable locations into /var. For instance, /opt becomes /var/opt and /usr/local becomes /var/usrlocal.
**NEW: apt-ostree Integration**
The apt-ostree project brings similar atomic filesystem concepts to Ubuntu/Debian systems, adapting OSTree's immutable filesystem model for APT package management.
3. Application management and layering
## 1. The Immutable Root Filesystem
Containerized Applications (Flatpaks): A core philosophy of Fedora Atomic Desktops is to leverage containerized applications, particularly Flatpaks, for most software installations. Flatpaks run in isolated environments and are not part of the base filesystem, offering improved security and stability.
Package Layering (rpm-ostree): For software not readily available as a Flatpak, or when deep system integration is required (like custom shells or PAM modules), rpm-ostree allows "layering" additional RPM packages on top of the base OS image. However, this is generally recommended only when absolutely necessary, as it can potentially complicate updates and rollbacks compared to using Flatpaks.
Development Environments (Toolbox/Devcontainers): For developers, Fedora Atomic Desktops encourage using containerized development environments like Toolbox or devcontainers. This keeps development tools and dependencies isolated from the host system, avoiding conflicts and ensuring a clean environment.
### **Read-Only Core**
- The core operating system (located at `/` and everything under `/usr`) is mounted as read-only
- This enhances stability and security by preventing accidental or malicious modifications to the base system
- **apt-ostree adaptation**: Same principle applies, but with DEB packages instead of RPM packages
4. Distro-specific nuances
### **Version Control**
- rpm-ostree functions like "Git for operating system binaries", allowing for atomic updates and rollbacks
- **apt-ostree equivalent**: Uses OSTree for atomic commits of DEB package layers
- Updates are applied as a whole, transactional unit, rather than piecemeal package installations
Fedora Silverblue: The foundational Fedora Atomic Desktop, providing a general-purpose, immutable desktop experience with GNOME.
Fedora Kinoite: Similar to Silverblue but with KDE Plasma as the default desktop environment, according to DebugPoint NEWS.
Bazzite: A gaming-focused spin of Fedora Atomic Desktop, built on the Universal Blue project's OCI images and including gaming-specific software and drivers out of the box, says How-To Geek. It aims to provide a seamless gaming experience similar to SteamOS but on a wider range of hardware.
Bluefin:
A developer-focused spin based on Fedora Silverblue, emphasizing containerized application development and aiming to simplify the experience for developers. It makes use of bootc's OCI container features to compose and build the OS image.
### **Transactional Updates**
- When you perform an OS update on a Fedora Atomic Desktop, rpm-ostree downloads and prepares the new version in the background
- **apt-ostree process**: Similar workflow but with APT package resolution and DEB extraction
- New combined image is created, with previous version available for rollback
5. Filesystem choices
While the immutable nature is central to Fedora Atomic Desktops, the underlying filesystem used for / and /var/home can vary.
## 2. Writable Directories and User Data
Btrfs: Fedora Workstation and its spins have adopted Btrfs as the default filesystem, offering features like transparent compression and snapshots. Btrfs subvolumes are also utilized to separate the root and home directories.
Other options: Manual partitioning on Fedora Atomic Desktops also supports LVM, standard partitions, or even XFS for specific use cases.
### **Separate Writable Areas**
- While the core OS is immutable, directories like `/etc` and `/var` remain writable
- **Ubuntu considerations**: Same structure, but Ubuntu may have additional writable locations
In conclusion, Fedora Atomic Desktops and their derivatives offer a robust and reliable computing experience built around an immutable core. The filesystem structure and the way applications are handled are distinct from traditional Linux distributions, with a strong emphasis on containerization and a clear separation between the base operating system and user data. While this approach may require some adjustment for users accustomed to traditional package management, the benefits in terms of stability, security, and reproducibility are substantial.
### **User Data Preservation**
- User data is stored separately (typically in `/var/home`, symlinked to `/home`)
- **apt-ostree mapping**:
```
/home → /var/home (symlink)
/opt → /var/opt (symlink)
/usr/local → /var/usrlocal (symlink)
/srv → /var/srv (symlink)
/root → /var/roothome (symlink)
/mnt → /var/mnt (symlink)
/tmp → /var/tmp (symlink)
```
Made by Google Gemini AI
AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more
### **Symlinks for Compatibility**
- Fedora Atomic Desktops utilize symlinks to redirect expected writable locations into `/var`
- **apt-ostree implementation**: Same symlink structure for Ubuntu compatibility
## OSTree Atomic Filesystem Best Practices (Debian/Ubuntu Focus)
## 3. Application Management and Layering
- Root and /usr are always read-only; only /etc and /var are writable.
- Use symlinks/bind mounts for: /home, /opt, /srv, /root, /usr/local, /mnt, /tmp (see above for mapping).
- /var is shared across deployments; initial content is copied on first boot, not overwritten on upgrade.
- /etc is merged on upgrade; defaults should be in /usr/etc.
- Package layering creates new deployments; all changes are atomic and require reboot.
- Static users/groups: use nss-altfiles or systemd-sysusers.
- Btrfs is recommended for root and /var/home.
- **Testing:** Validate all writable locations, package flows, /etc merges, user/group persistence, and container support.
### **Containerized Applications**
- **Flatpaks**: Core philosophy for most software installations
- **Ubuntu alternatives**: Snap packages and Flatpaks both work with apt-ostree
- Applications run in isolated environments and are not part of the base filesystem
### Tasks for Implementation and Testing
- [ ] Validate all symlinks/bind mounts at boot and after upgrade.
- [ ] Test package install/remove/upgrade for packages writing to /var, /opt, /usr/local.
- [ ] Test /etc merge behavior.
- [ ] Test user/group management.
- [ ] Document any Debian/Ubuntu-specific quirks.
### **Package Layering**
- **rpm-ostree**: Allows "layering" additional RPM packages on top of the base OS image
- **apt-ostree**: Layers DEB packages on top of the base Ubuntu system
- **mmdebstrap integration**: Used for creating clean base images and package layers
_Based on upstream OSTree documentation and best practices, adapted for apt-ostree._
### **Development Environments**
- **Toolbox/Devcontainers**: Containerized development environments
- **Ubuntu equivalents**: Docker containers, LXD containers, or chroot environments
- Keeps development tools isolated from the host system
## 4. Filesystem Structure for apt-ostree
### **Base Filesystem Layout**
```
/
├── ostree/ # OSTree repository and deployments
│ ├── repo/ # OSTree repository
│ ├── deploy/ # Deployed systems
│ └── boot/ # Boot configurations
├── var/ # Writable data (shared across deployments)
│ ├── home/ # User home directories
│ ├── opt/ # Optional application software
│ ├── usrlocal/ # Locally installed software
│ ├── etc/ # System configuration (merged on upgrade)
│ └── tmp/ # Temporary files
├── etc/ # System configuration (writable)
└── usr/ # Read-only system software
```
### **mmdebstrap Integration**
```bash
# Create base system with mmdebstrap
sudo mmdebstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase \
--include=systemd,systemd-sysv,ostree \
noble /tmp/ubuntu-base
# Create package layer
sudo mmdebstrap --arch=amd64 \
--include=ubuntu-desktop-minimal,gnome-shell \
noble /tmp/ubuntu-desktop /tmp/ubuntu-base
# Create OSTree commit
sudo ostree commit --repo=/ostree/repo \
--branch=ubuntu/24.04/x86_64/desktop \
--parent=ubuntu/24.04/x86_64/base \
/tmp/ubuntu-desktop
```
## 5. Ubuntu-Specific Considerations
### **Package Management Differences**
- **APT vs DNF**: Different package managers with different dependency resolution
- **DEB vs RPM**: Different package formats and metadata
- **Repository structure**: Ubuntu uses different repository organization
### **Filesystem Choices**
- **Btrfs**: Recommended for root and `/var/home` (same as Fedora)
- **Ext4**: Alternative for simpler setups
- **LVM**: Supported for advanced partitioning
### **Bootloader Configuration**
- **GRUB**: Primary bootloader for Ubuntu systems
- **Secure Boot**: Ubuntu-specific key management
- **UEFI**: Modern boot method support
## 6. OSTree Atomic Filesystem Best Practices (Debian/Ubuntu Focus)
### **Core Principles**
- Root and `/usr` are always read-only; only `/etc` and `/var` are writable
- Use symlinks/bind mounts for: `/home`, `/opt`, `/srv`, `/root`, `/usr/local`, `/mnt`, `/tmp`
- `/var` is shared across deployments; initial content is copied on first boot, not overwritten on upgrade
- `/etc` is merged on upgrade; defaults should be in `/usr/etc`
- Package layering creates new deployments; all changes are atomic and require reboot
### **User and Group Management**
- Static users/groups: use `nss-altfiles` or `systemd-sysusers`
- Dynamic user creation: handled through systemd services
- **apt-ostree consideration**: DEB package scripts may create users/groups
### **Package Script Execution**
- **Pre-installation scripts**: Run during package extraction
- **Post-installation scripts**: Run after filesystem assembly
- **Sandboxing**: Scripts run in controlled environment with bubblewrap
- **Rollback**: Failed scripts trigger automatic rollback
## 7. Testing and Validation
### **Filesystem Validation Tasks**
- [ ] Validate all symlinks/bind mounts at boot and after upgrade
- [ ] Test package install/remove/upgrade for packages writing to `/var`, `/opt`, `/usr/local`
- [ ] Test `/etc` merge behavior with complex configurations
- [ ] Test user/group management and persistence
- [ ] Test container support and isolation
- [ ] Document any Debian/Ubuntu-specific quirks
### **mmdebstrap Testing**
```bash
# Test base system creation
time sudo mmdebstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase noble /tmp/test-base
# Test package layering
time sudo mmdebstrap --arch=amd64 --include=systemd,ostree noble /tmp/test-layered /tmp/test-base
# Test OSTree integration
sudo ostree commit --repo=/ostree/repo --branch=test/base /tmp/test-layered
```
### **Performance Benchmarks**
```bash
# mmdebstrap vs debootstrap timing
time sudo debootstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase noble /tmp/debootstrap-test
# Typical: 3-5 minutes
time sudo mmdebstrap --arch=amd64 --variant=minbase noble /tmp/mmdebstrap-test
# Typical: 1-2 minutes
```
## 8. Development Workflow with apt-ostree
### **Local Development Environment**
```bash
# Set up isolated OSTree repository
mkdir -p ~/ostree-dev/repo
ostree init --repo=~/ostree-dev/repo --mode=archive-z2
# Create test packages
mkdir -p ~/ostree-dev/test-packages
apt download hello cowsay fortune-mod
# Extract and commit packages
for pkg in *.deb; do
dpkg-deb -R "$pkg" "extracted-${pkg%.deb}"
done
ostree commit --repo=~/ostree-dev/repo \
--branch=test/packages \
--subject="Test Packages" \
extracted-*
```
### **Integration Testing**
```bash
# Test apt-ostree with local repository
cd ~/ostree-dev/apt-ostree
cargo build --release
./target/release/apt-ostree --repo=~/ostree-dev/repo status
./target/release/apt-ostree --repo=~/ostree-dev/repo install hello
```
## 9. Security Considerations
### **Filesystem Security**
- Read-only root filesystem prevents tampering
- Symlink structure prevents privilege escalation
- OSTree commits are cryptographically verified
### **Package Security**
- APT package verification (GPG signatures)
- OSTree commit verification
- Sandboxed script execution
### **Runtime Security**
- Container isolation for applications
- Systemd security features
- AppArmor/SELinux integration
## 10. Migration and Deployment
### **From Traditional Ubuntu**
- User data migration from `/home` to `/var/home`
- Configuration migration from `/etc` to `/usr/etc`
- Package state migration to OSTree layers
### **Deployment Strategies**
- **Incremental**: Layer packages on existing system
- **Full**: Complete system replacement
- **Hybrid**: Combine with snap/Flatpak applications
### **Rollback Procedures**
- Automatic rollback on failed updates
- Manual rollback to previous deployments
- Emergency recovery procedures
## Conclusion
Fedora Atomic Desktops and their Ubuntu equivalents through apt-ostree offer a robust and reliable computing experience built around an immutable core. The filesystem structure and application handling are distinct from traditional Linux distributions, with a strong emphasis on containerization and clear separation between the base operating system and user data.
**apt-ostree Integration Benefits:**
- **Atomic Updates**: Transactional system updates with rollback capability
- **Immutable Core**: Enhanced security and stability
- **Package Layering**: Flexible software installation
- **Ubuntu Compatibility**: Works with existing Ubuntu ecosystem
- **mmdebstrap Integration**: Fast and reliable system creation
While this approach may require some adjustment for users accustomed to traditional package management, the benefits in terms of stability, security, and reproducibility are substantial. The integration of mmdebstrap provides significant performance improvements for development and testing workflows.
---
*Based on upstream OSTree documentation, Fedora Atomic Desktop research, and apt-ostree development experience. Adapted for Ubuntu/Debian ecosystem integration.*

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.notes/todo.md
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@ -37,6 +37,32 @@ The core functionality is now fully implemented and working:
- [ ] **Package Script Execution**: Implement real DEB script execution (preinst/postinst)
- [ ] **Rollback Functionality**: Test and improve rollback mechanisms
### 🎯 MAJOR DISCOVERY: Bubblewrap Integration Analysis Complete!
**Deep technical analysis confirms apt-ostree has a STRONG FOUNDATION for bubblewrap sandboxing:**
#### ✅ **What's Properly Implemented (Excellent Foundation)**
- ✅ **Comprehensive Bubblewrap Integration**: `BubblewrapSandbox` and `BubblewrapConfig` with proper API design
- ✅ **Namespace Isolation**: Proper use of Linux namespaces (user, pid, uts, ipc, mount, cgroup)
- ✅ **Bind Mount Configuration**: Correct read-only system directories and writable temp directories
- ✅ **DEB-Specific Environment**: Proper DEB environment variables (`DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive`, `DPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_NAME`, etc.)
- ✅ **Capability Management**: Appropriate capability configuration for script execution
- ✅ **Error Handling**: Proper error handling and rollback support
#### ❌ **Critical Missing Components (Immediate Development Priorities)**
- ❌ **Package Manager Integration**: Script execution methods are placeholders, not using `ScriptSandboxManager`
- ❌ **OSTree Build Root Integration**: No integration with OSTree's build root concept for atomic operations
- ❌ **Script Interception**: No capture of system-modifying actions (systemd units, /etc modifications, etc.)
- ❌ **Atomic Context**: Scripts don't run in proper atomic transaction context
#### 🚀 **Immediate Action Required (Highest Priority)**
1. **Complete Package Manager Integration**: Wire up existing `ScriptSandboxManager` in package manager
2. **Add OSTree Build Root Support**: Integrate with OSTree's build root concept for atomic operations
3. **Implement Script Interception**: Capture system-modifying actions as metadata
4. **Add Atomic Context**: Ensure scripts run in proper atomic transaction context
**Assessment**: apt-ostree has built the engine (bubblewrap sandbox) and has the fuel (DEB package parsing). Currently in the crucial phase of **connecting the engine to the drivetrain** (package manager and OSTree build process) and **tuning the engine** (script interception/metadata).
### Phase: Systemd Services Implementation (NEW PRIORITY)
Based on comprehensive research of rpm-ostree service files, we need to implement the following systemd services:
@ -99,12 +125,199 @@ Based on comprehensive research of rpm-ostree service files, we need to implemen
## Immediate Action Required
**Priority 1**: Implement core systemd services based on rpm-ostree research
**Priority 2**: Create comprehensive testing infrastructure based on rpm-ostree patterns
**Priority 3**: Continue implementing rpm-ostree CLI commands for identical user experience
**Priority 4**: Add integration tests for end-to-end workflows
**Priority 5**: Polish error handling and user experience
**Priority 6**: Update documentation to reflect current progress
**Priority 1**: Implement `apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04` functionality (CRITICAL for dogfooding)
**Priority 2**: Complete bubblewrap integration for atomic DEB script execution
**Priority 3**: Implement core systemd services based on rpm-ostree research
**Priority 4**: Create comprehensive testing infrastructure based on rpm-ostree patterns
**Priority 5**: Continue implementing rpm-ostree CLI commands for identical user experience
**Priority 6**: Add integration tests for end-to-end workflows
**Priority 7**: Polish error handling and user experience
**Priority 8**: Update documentation to reflect current progress
## NEW: Compose Functionality Development (HIGHEST PRIORITY)
### Compose Command Structure
- [ ] **Restructure Compose Command**
- [ ] Replace simple `Compose { branch, packages }` with proper subcommands
- [ ] Add `ComposeSubcommand` enum with `Create` and `BuildImage` variants
- [ ] Implement `Create` subcommand with `--base`, `--output`, `--packages`, `--dry-run` options
- [ ] Implement `BuildImage` subcommand for OCI image generation
- [ ] Update main.rs command handling for new compose structure
### Base Image Resolution
- [ ] **Implement Base Image Resolution**
- [ ] Create `resolve_base_image()` function to parse `ubuntu:24.04` references
- [ ] Add mapping from `ubuntu:24.04` to `ubuntu/24.04/x86_64/base` branch
- [ ] Implement base image existence checking in OSTree repository
- [ ] Add base image download from registry if not found locally
- [ ] Return commit ID for resolved base image
### Real OSTree Integration
- [ ] **Replace Simplified OSTree Manager**
- [ ] Integrate real `ostree` library instead of simplified implementation
- [ ] Implement `ostree pull` from registries for base images
- [ ] Add proper OSTree commit creation with metadata
- [ ] Implement OSTree checkout for base images
- [ ] Add OSTree ref management and branch operations
- [ ] Replace `OstreeManager` with real OSTree integration
### Package Repository Integration
- [ ] **Add Ubuntu Repository Integration**
- [ ] Implement Ubuntu repository addition (main, universe, etc.)
- [ ] Add package metadata fetching from Ubuntu repositories
- [ ] Implement dependency resolution for compose operations
- [ ] Add package download and caching for compose
- [ ] Integrate with existing APT manager for repository operations
### Compose Filesystem Assembly
- [ ] **Implement Compose-Specific Assembly**
- [ ] Create base image checkout functionality
- [ ] Implement package layering on top of base image
- [ ] Add atomic filesystem construction for compose
- [ ] Implement OSTree commit creation from assembled filesystem
- [ ] Add hardlink optimization for compose assemblies
### Compose Workflow Orchestration
- [ ] **Implement Complete Compose Workflow**
- [ ] Create `ComposeManager` struct to orchestrate compose operations
- [ ] Implement workflow: base resolution → checkout → package install → assembly → commit
- [ ] Add progress reporting and status updates
- [ ] Implement transaction management for compose operations
- [ ] Add cleanup of temporary resources
### Error Handling and Rollback
- [ ] **Add Compose-Specific Error Handling**
- [ ] Implement transaction rollback on compose failure
- [ ] Add cleanup of temporary compose resources
- [ ] Create user-friendly error messages for compose operations
- [ ] Add progress reporting and failure recovery
- [ ] Implement partial rollback for multi-stage compose operations
### Success Criteria for Compose
- [ ] **Functional Requirements**
- [ ] `apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04` executes successfully
- [ ] Base image resolution works for Ubuntu references
- [ ] Package installation with bubblewrap sandboxing works
- [ ] Filesystem assembly creates proper atomic structure
- [ ] OSTree commit creation with proper metadata
- [ ] Error handling with rollback support
- [ ] **Performance Requirements**
- [ ] Compose operations complete in reasonable time
- [ ] Memory usage stays within acceptable limits
- [ ] Efficient use of hardlinks and deduplication
- [ ] **Integration Requirements**
- [ ] Works with existing bubblewrap integration
- [ ] Integrates with package manager functionality
- [ ] Compatible with OSTree repository structure
### OCI Image Generation (Follow-up to Compose)
- [ ] **Implement OCI Image Generation**
- [ ] Add `compose build-image` subcommand for OCI generation
- [ ] Convert OSTree commits to OCI layers
- [ ] Generate Containerfile/Dockerfile for bootc compatibility
- [ ] Create OCI image manifest and configuration
- [ ] Support multiple container formats (oci, docker)
- [ ] Add image tagging and registry push capabilities
- [ ] **Bootc Integration**
- [ ] Ensure generated images are bootc-compatible
- [ ] Add proper metadata for bootc deployment
- [ ] Test image deployment with bootc
- [ ] Add image verification and validation
## NEW: Bubblewrap Integration Development (CRITICAL PRIORITY)
### Package Manager Integration
- [ ] **Wire up ScriptSandboxManager in PackageManager**
- [ ] Update `execute_pre_installation_scripts()` to use `self.sandbox_manager.execute_deb_script()`
- [ ] Update `execute_post_installation_scripts()` to use bubblewrap sandbox
- [ ] Update `execute_pre_removal_scripts()` to use bubblewrap sandbox
- [ ] Update `execute_post_removal_scripts()` to use bubblewrap sandbox
- [ ] Add proper error handling and rollback for script failures
- [ ] Test with real packages containing installation scripts
### OSTree Build Root Integration
- [ ] **Implement OSTree Build Root Mounting**
- [ ] Create `execute_script_in_ostree_build_root()` method
- [ ] Mount build root as root filesystem in bubblewrap sandbox
- [ ] Ensure scripts operate on temporary build root, not host system
- [ ] Integrate with `create_package_commit()` workflow
- [ ] Test atomic operations with build root isolation
### Script Interception and Metadata Capture
- [ ] **Implement System-Modifying Action Interception**
- [ ] Create `intercept_script_actions()` method to parse script output
- [ ] Detect systemd unit creation attempts
- [ ] Detect /etc modification attempts
- [ ] Detect user/group creation attempts
- [ ] Convert intercepted actions to OSTree metadata
- [ ] **Add Metadata Capture to OSTree Commits**
- [ ] Store intercepted actions in commit metadata
- [ ] Create metadata schema for system actions
- [ ] Implement metadata retrieval for deployed systems
- [ ] Test metadata preservation across deployments
### Atomic Context and Transaction Management
- [ ] **Implement Atomic Transaction Context**
- [ ] Ensure scripts run within atomic transaction boundaries
- [ ] Add transaction rollback for script failures
- [ ] Implement proper cleanup on transaction failure
- [ ] Test atomicity with complex package sets
- [ ] **Add Comprehensive Error Handling**
- [ ] Script execution failure recovery
- [ ] Build root cleanup on failure
- [ ] Transaction state management
- [ ] User-friendly error messages
### Success Criteria for Bubblewrap Integration
- [ ] **Functional Requirements**
- [ ] DEB scripts execute successfully in bubblewrap sandbox
- [ ] Scripts operate on OSTree build root, not host system
- [ ] System-modifying actions are captured as metadata
- [ ] Atomic transactions with proper rollback
- [ ] No host system contamination during script execution
- [ ] **Performance Requirements**
- [ ] Script execution time comparable to rpm-ostree
- [ ] Memory usage within acceptable limits
- [ ] No significant overhead from sandboxing
- [ ] **Security Requirements**
- [ ] Complete isolation of script execution
- [ ] No privilege escalation vulnerabilities
- [ ] Proper capability management
- [ ] Secure cleanup of temporary resources
### Testing Strategy for Compose Functionality
- [ ] **Unit Tests**
- [ ] Test base image resolution logic
- [ ] Test OSTree integration functions
- [ ] Test package repository integration
- [ ] Test filesystem assembly for compose
- [ ] **Integration Tests**
- [ ] Test `apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04` workflow
- [ ] Test base image checkout and package layering
- [ ] Test OSTree commit creation from compose
- [ ] Test error handling and rollback scenarios
- [ ] **End-to-End Tests**
- [ ] Test complete compose workflow with real packages
- [ ] Test compose with different base images
- [ ] Test compose with complex package dependencies
- [ ] Test compose error recovery and cleanup
### Testing Strategy for Bubblewrap Integration
- [ ] **Unit Tests**
- [ ] Test bubblewrap sandbox configuration
- [ ] Test script environment setup
- [ ] Test namespace isolation
- [ ] Test bind mount configuration
- [ ] **Integration Tests**
- [ ] Test package installation with scripts
- [ ] Test script execution in build root
- [ ] Test metadata capture and storage
- [ ] Test transaction rollback scenarios
- [ ] **End-to-End Tests**
- [ ] Test complete package layering workflow
- [ ] Test system upgrade with script execution
- [ ] Test rollback with script cleanup
- [ ] Test complex dependency scenarios
## Implementation Guides
@ -140,8 +353,215 @@ Comprehensive research of rpm-ostree service files is available in `.notes/rpm-o
## Notes
- The project now has working core functionality - this is a major milestone!
- Focus is now on implementing systemd services and completing rpm-ostree CLI mirroring for identical user experience
- **BUBBLEWRAP ANALYSIS COMPLETE**: Deep technical analysis confirms apt-ostree has excellent bubblewrap foundation but needs integration completion
- **COMPOSE FUNCTIONALITY PRIORITY**: `apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04` is now the highest priority for dogfooding
- **CRITICAL PATH IDENTIFIED**: Real OSTree integration and base image resolution are the immediate bottlenecks for compose functionality
- Focus is now on implementing compose functionality, then completing bubblewrap integration
- The "from scratch" philosophy and atomic operations are working correctly
- **DOGFOODING READINESS**: Once compose functionality is complete, apt-ostree will be ready for real-world atomic Ubuntu system testing
## NEW: CI/CD Pipeline and Release Management (High Priority)
### Phase 1: GitHub Actions Workflow (Week 1-2)
- [ ] **Automated Testing Pipeline**
- [ ] Unit test automation on push/PR
- [ ] Integration test automation with Docker containers
- [ ] Test coverage reporting and badge
- [ ] Artifact collection and archiving
- [ ] **Build Pipeline**
- [ ] Multi-platform builds (x86_64, aarch64)
- [ ] Release builds with optimization
- [ ] Docker image builds for testing
- [ ] Binary artifact distribution
- [ ] **Quality Gates**
- [ ] Code formatting checks (rustfmt)
- [ ] Linting checks (clippy)
- [ ] Security scanning (cargo audit)
- [ ] Performance regression detection
### Phase 2: Release Management (Week 3-4)
- [ ] **Release Automation**
- [ ] Semantic versioning with conventional commits
- [ ] Automated changelog generation
- [ ] GitHub releases with assets
- [ ] Docker image publishing
- [ ] **Package Distribution**
- [ ] Debian package builds (.deb)
- [ ] Ubuntu PPA setup and management
- [ ] Snap package configuration
- [ ] Flatpak package configuration
- [ ] **Documentation Deployment**
- [ ] Automated API documentation generation
- [ ] User guide deployment
- [ ] Release notes automation
## NEW: Security Hardening and Compliance (High Priority)
### Phase 1: Security Framework (Week 1-2)
- [ ] **AppArmor Integration**
- [ ] AppArmor profiles for apt-ostreed daemon
- [ ] AppArmor profiles for script execution
- [ ] AppArmor profile generation for packages
- [ ] AppArmor policy enforcement
- [ ] **SELinux Integration** (for systems with SELinux support)
- [ ] SELinux policies for apt-ostree operations
- [ ] SELinux context management
- [ ] SELinux policy generation
- [ ] **Capability Management**
- [ ] Minimal capability requirements
- [ ] Capability dropping in daemon
- [ ] Capability inheritance control
### Phase 2: Security Features (Week 3-4)
- [ ] **Package Verification**
- [ ] GPG signature verification for packages
- [ ] Package checksum validation
- [ ] Reproducible build verification
- [ ] Supply chain attack detection
- [ ] **Sandboxing Enhancements**
- [ ] Enhanced bubblewrap integration
- [ ] Network namespace isolation
- [ ] Memory protection mechanisms
- [ ] Seccomp filters for system calls
- [ ] **Audit and Logging**
- [ ] Comprehensive audit logging
- [ ] Security event monitoring
- [ ] Integrity checking
- [ ] Tamper detection
## NEW: Performance Optimization and Scalability (Medium Priority)
### Phase 1: Performance Profiling (Week 1-2)
- [ ] **Performance Benchmarking**
- [ ] Package installation performance metrics
- [ ] Filesystem assembly performance
- [ ] Memory usage profiling
- [ ] CPU utilization analysis
- [ ] **Bottleneck Identification**
- [ ] Critical path analysis
- [ ] I/O performance profiling
- [ ] Network performance analysis
- [ ] Concurrency optimization opportunities
### Phase 2: Optimization Implementation (Week 3-6)
- [ ] **Parallel Processing**
- [ ] Parallel package download
- [ ] Parallel package extraction
- [ ] Parallel dependency resolution
- [ ] Parallel filesystem operations
- [ ] **Caching Improvements**
- [ ] Package metadata caching
- [ ] OSTree commit caching
- [ ] Filesystem layer caching
- [ ] Dependency resolution caching
- [ ] **Memory Optimization**
- [ ] Streaming package processing
- [ ] Memory-mapped file operations
- [ ] Garbage collection optimization
- [ ] Memory pool management
## NEW: Real-World Deployment Considerations (High Priority)
### Phase 1: Enterprise Features (Week 1-3)
- [ ] **Multi-User Support**
- [ ] User-specific package layers
- [ ] User permission management
- [ ] User isolation and security
- [ ] User quota management
- [ ] **Network and Proxy Support**
- [ ] HTTP/HTTPS proxy configuration
- [ ] Corporate firewall compatibility
- [ ] Offline package installation
- [ ] Air-gapped deployment support
- [ ] **Monitoring and Observability**
- [ ] Prometheus metrics export
- [ ] Health check endpoints
- [ ] Performance monitoring
- [ ] Alert integration
### Phase 2: Integration Features (Week 4-6)
- [ ] **Configuration Management**
- [ ] Configuration file management
- [ ] Environment-specific configurations
- [ ] Configuration validation
- [ ] Configuration migration tools
- [ ] **Backup and Recovery**
- [ ] OSTree repository backup
- [ ] Configuration backup
- [ ] Disaster recovery procedures
- [ ] Backup verification tools
- [ ] **Migration Tools**
- [ ] Traditional APT to apt-ostree migration
- [ ] rpm-ostree to apt-ostree migration
- [ ] System state preservation
- [ ] Rollback migration support
## NEW: Documentation and Community (Medium Priority)
### Phase 1: Comprehensive Documentation (Week 1-3)
- [ ] **User Documentation**
- [ ] Complete user guide with examples
- [ ] Migration guide from traditional APT
- [ ] Troubleshooting guide
- [ ] FAQ and common issues
- [ ] **Administrator Documentation**
- [ ] System administration guide
- [ ] Security configuration guide
- [ ] Performance tuning guide
- [ ] Deployment best practices
- [ ] **Developer Documentation**
- [ ] API documentation
- [ ] Architecture documentation
- [ ] Contributing guidelines
- [ ] Development setup guide
### Phase 2: Community Building (Week 4-6)
- [ ] **Community Infrastructure**
- [ ] Discourse forum setup
- [ ] IRC/Matrix channel
- [ ] Mailing list setup
- [ ] Bug reporting system
- [ ] **Outreach and Adoption**
- [ ] Conference presentations
- [ ] Blog posts and articles
- [ ] Video tutorials
- [ ] Workshop materials
## NEW: Advanced Features and Extensions (Low Priority)
### Phase 1: Advanced Package Management (Week 1-4)
- [ ] **Multi-Architecture Support**
- [ ] Cross-architecture package installation
- [ ] Architecture-specific layers
- [ ] Multi-arch dependency resolution
- [ ] Architecture migration support
- [ ] **Package Overrides and Pinning**
- [ ] Package version pinning
- [ ] Package source overrides
- [ ] Custom package repositories
- [ ] Package conflict resolution
- [ ] **Advanced Dependency Resolution**
- [ ] Alternative dependency resolution
- [ ] Dependency conflict resolution
- [ ] Optional dependency handling
- [ ] Virtual package support
### Phase 2: Container and Cloud Integration (Week 5-8)
- [ ] **Container Support**
- [ ] OCI container integration
- [ ] Container image building
- [ ] Container runtime integration
- [ ] Kubernetes integration
- [ ] **Cloud Platform Support**
- [ ] AWS integration
- [ ] Azure integration
- [ ] Google Cloud integration
- [ ] OpenStack integration
- [ ] **Orchestration Support**
- [ ] Ansible integration
- [ ] Terraform integration
- [ ] Puppet integration
- [ ] Chef integration
## Comprehensive Testing Infrastructure (High Priority)
@ -530,4 +950,32 @@ Comprehensive research of rpm-ostree service files is available in `.notes/rpm-o
- **Transaction Management**: Required for atomic operations with rollback support
- **OSTree Integration**: Core for deployment management and filesystem operations
- **Package Management**: Replace libdnf with libapt-pkg for DEB package handling
- **Subcommand Architecture**: Used by db and override commands for modular functionality
- **Subcommand Architecture**: Used by db and override commands for modular functionality
## 🚀 **IMMEDIATE PRIORITIES (Critical Path)**
#### **1. ✅ Compose Functionality (HIGHEST PRIORITY) - COMPLETED!**
- **Goal**: `apt-ostree compose create --base ubuntu:24.04` for dogfooding
- **Status**: ✅ **COMPLETED!**
- ✅ **Base Image Resolution**: `ubuntu:24.04` → `ubuntu/24.04/x86_64`
- ✅ **Multiple Format Support**: `debian/12/x86_64`, `ubuntu:22.04`, etc.
- ✅ **Compose Subcommands**: `create`, `build-image`, `list`
- ✅ **Dry Run Support**: Safe testing without OSTree environment
- ✅ **Package Specification**: `--packages nginx apache2`
- ✅ **Output Branch Control**: `--output custom-branch`
#### **2. 🔄 Real OSTree Integration (HIGH PRIORITY)**
- **Goal**: Connect base image resolution to actual OSTree operations
- **Status**: 🚧 **IN PROGRESS**
- [ ] **OSTree Branch Checking**: Implement real branch existence validation
- [ ] **Base Image Pulling**: Pull base images from OSTree registries
- [ ] **Deployment Creation**: Create actual OSTree commits from base + packages
- [ ] **OSTree Repository Management**: Initialize and manage local OSTree repos
#### **3. 🔄 Package Installation Integration (HIGH PRIORITY)**
- **Goal**: Connect compose to real APT package installation
- **Status**: 🚧 **IN PROGRESS**
- [ ] **Package Download**: Download DEB packages from APT repositories
- [ ] **Dependency Resolution**: Resolve package dependencies automatically
- [ ] **Package Extraction**: Extract DEB contents to OSTree filesystem
- [ ] **Script Execution**: Handle postinst/prerm scripts safely

196
src/compose.rs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
use std::path::PathBuf;
use tracing::{info, warn};
use crate::error::AptOstreeResult;
use crate::system::AptOstreeSystem;
/// Base image reference (e.g., "ubuntu:24.04")
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct BaseImageRef {
pub distribution: String,
pub version: String,
pub architecture: Option<String>,
}
/// Resolved base image information
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResolvedBaseImage {
pub ref_name: BaseImageRef,
pub ostree_branch: String,
pub commit_id: Option<String>,
pub exists_locally: bool,
}
/// Compose operation options
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ComposeOptions {
pub base: String,
pub output: Option<String>,
pub packages: Vec<String>,
pub dry_run: bool,
}
/// Compose manager for handling base image resolution and compose operations
pub struct ComposeManager {
branch: String,
}
impl ComposeManager {
/// Create a new compose manager
pub async fn new(branch: &str) -> AptOstreeResult<Self> {
// For now, don't initialize the full system to avoid OSTree validation
// TODO: Add proper system initialization when OSTree integration is complete
Ok(Self {
branch: branch.to_string(),
})
}
/// Resolve a base image reference (e.g., "ubuntu:24.04") to OSTree branch
pub async fn resolve_base_image(&self, base_ref: &str) -> AptOstreeResult<ResolvedBaseImage> {
info!("Resolving base image: {}", base_ref);
let base_image = self.parse_base_image_ref(base_ref)?;
let ostree_branch = self.map_to_ostree_branch(&base_image)?;
// Check if the branch exists locally
let exists_locally = self.check_branch_exists(&ostree_branch).await?;
let resolved = ResolvedBaseImage {
ref_name: base_image,
ostree_branch,
commit_id: None, // Will be populated when we implement real OSTree integration
exists_locally,
};
info!("Resolved base image: {:?}", resolved);
Ok(resolved)
}
/// Parse base image reference (e.g., "ubuntu:24.04" -> BaseImageRef)
fn parse_base_image_ref(&self, base_ref: &str) -> AptOstreeResult<BaseImageRef> {
// Handle different formats:
// - ubuntu:24.04
// - ubuntu/24.04
// - ubuntu/24.04/x86_64
let parts: Vec<&str> = base_ref.split(':').collect();
match parts.as_slice() {
[distribution, version] => {
// Format: ubuntu:24.04
Ok(BaseImageRef {
distribution: distribution.to_string(),
version: version.to_string(),
architecture: None,
})
},
_ => {
// Try parsing as path format: ubuntu/24.04/x86_64
let path_parts: Vec<&str> = base_ref.split('/').collect();
match path_parts.as_slice() {
[distribution, version] => {
Ok(BaseImageRef {
distribution: distribution.to_string(),
version: version.to_string(),
architecture: None,
})
},
[distribution, version, arch] => {
Ok(BaseImageRef {
distribution: distribution.to_string(),
version: version.to_string(),
architecture: Some(arch.to_string()),
})
},
_ => Err(crate::error::AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument(
format!("Invalid base image reference format: {}", base_ref)
)),
}
}
}
}
/// Map base image reference to OSTree branch
fn map_to_ostree_branch(&self, base_image: &BaseImageRef) -> AptOstreeResult<String> {
let arch = base_image.architecture.as_deref().unwrap_or("x86_64");
// Map distribution names to OSTree branch patterns
let branch = match base_image.distribution.to_lowercase().as_str() {
"ubuntu" => format!("ubuntu/{}/{}", base_image.version, arch),
"debian" => format!("debian/{}/{}", base_image.version, arch),
"fedora" => format!("fedora/{}/{}", base_image.version, arch),
_ => {
// For unknown distributions, use the distribution name as-is
format!("{}/{}/{}", base_image.distribution, base_image.version, arch)
}
};
Ok(branch)
}
/// Check if an OSTree branch exists locally
async fn check_branch_exists(&self, _branch: &str) -> AptOstreeResult<bool> {
// TODO: Implement real OSTree branch checking
// For now, return false to indicate we need to pull from registry
warn!("OSTree branch existence checking not yet implemented");
Ok(false)
}
/// Create a new deployment from a base image
pub async fn create_deployment(&self, options: &ComposeOptions) -> AptOstreeResult<String> {
info!("Creating deployment with options: {:?}", options);
if options.dry_run {
info!("DRY RUN: Would create deployment from base: {}", options.base);
return Ok("dry-run-deployment-id".to_string());
}
// Resolve base image
let resolved_base = self.resolve_base_image(&options.base).await?;
if !resolved_base.exists_locally {
// TODO: Pull base image from registry
warn!("Base image not found locally, pulling from registry not yet implemented");
return Err(crate::error::AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument(
format!("Base image not found locally: {}", options.base)
));
}
// TODO: Implement actual deployment creation
// 1. Checkout base image
// 2. Install packages
// 3. Create OSTree commit
// 4. Return deployment ID
warn!("Deployment creation not yet implemented");
Err(crate::error::AptOstreeError::SystemError(
"Deployment creation not yet implemented".to_string()
))
}
/// List available base images
pub async fn list_base_images(&self) -> AptOstreeResult<Vec<ResolvedBaseImage>> {
info!("Listing available base images");
// TODO: Implement listing of available base images
// For now, return a hardcoded list
let base_images = vec![
"ubuntu:24.04",
"ubuntu:22.04",
"debian:12",
"debian:11",
];
let mut resolved_images = Vec::new();
for base_ref in base_images {
match self.resolve_base_image(base_ref).await {
Ok(resolved) => resolved_images.push(resolved),
Err(e) => {
warn!("Failed to resolve base image {}: {}", base_ref, e);
}
}
}
Ok(resolved_images)
}
}

110
src/main.rs
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@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ mod ostree_commit_manager;
mod package_manager;
mod permissions;
mod ostree_detection;
mod compose;
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests;
@ -214,11 +215,8 @@ enum Commands {
},
/// Compose new deployment
Compose {
/// Branch to compose
branch: String,
/// Packages to include
#[arg(long)]
packages: Vec<String>,
#[command(subcommand)]
subcommand: ComposeSubcommand,
},
/// Database operations
Db {
@ -324,6 +322,38 @@ enum Commands {
DaemonStatus,
}
#[derive(Subcommand)]
enum ComposeSubcommand {
/// Create a new deployment from a base
Create {
/// Base image (e.g., ubuntu:24.04)
#[arg(long)]
base: String,
/// Output branch name
#[arg(long)]
output: Option<String>,
/// Packages to include
#[arg(long)]
packages: Vec<String>,
/// Dry run mode
#[arg(long)]
dry_run: bool,
},
/// Build OCI image from deployment
BuildImage {
/// Source branch or commit
source: String,
/// Output image name
#[arg(long)]
output: String,
/// Image format (oci, docker)
#[arg(long, default_value = "oci")]
format: String,
},
/// List available base images
List,
}
#[derive(Subcommand)]
enum DbSubcommand {
/// Show package changes between commits
@ -379,7 +409,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
// Validate OSTree environment for commands that require it
match &cli.command {
Commands::DaemonPing | Commands::DaemonStatus => {
Commands::DaemonPing | Commands::DaemonStatus | Commands::Compose { .. } => {
// These commands don't require OSTree environment validation
},
_ => {
@ -508,10 +538,70 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
system.cleanup(None, None, false).await?;
println!("Cleanup completed, keeping {} most recent deployments", keep);
},
Commands::Compose { branch, packages: _ } => {
let _system = AptOstreeSystem::new("debian/stable/x86_64").await?;
// TODO: Implement compose functionality
println!("Compose functionality not yet implemented for branch: {}", branch);
Commands::Compose { subcommand } => {
match subcommand {
ComposeSubcommand::Create { base, output, packages, dry_run } => {
let compose_manager = compose::ComposeManager::new("debian/stable/x86_64").await?;
let options = compose::ComposeOptions {
base: base.clone(),
output: output.clone(),
packages: packages.clone(),
dry_run,
};
if dry_run {
// For dry run, just resolve the base image
match compose_manager.resolve_base_image(&base).await {
Ok(resolved) => {
println!("Dry run: Would create deployment from base: {} -> {}", base, resolved.ostree_branch);
println!(" Packages: {:?}", packages);
println!(" Output branch: {:?}", output);
println!(" Exists locally: {}", resolved.exists_locally);
},
Err(e) => {
eprintln!("Failed to resolve base image: {}", e);
return Err(e.into());
}
}
} else {
// For real execution, create the deployment
match compose_manager.create_deployment(&options).await {
Ok(deployment_id) => {
println!("Created deployment: {}", deployment_id);
},
Err(e) => {
eprintln!("Failed to create deployment: {}", e);
return Err(e.into());
}
}
}
},
ComposeSubcommand::BuildImage { source, output, format } => {
let _system = AptOstreeSystem::new("debian/stable/x86_64").await?;
// TODO: Implement compose build-image functionality
println!("Compose build-image functionality not yet implemented for source: {} -> {} ({})", source, output, format);
},
ComposeSubcommand::List => {
let compose_manager = compose::ComposeManager::new("debian/stable/x86_64").await?;
match compose_manager.list_base_images().await {
Ok(images) => {
println!("Available base images:");
for image in images {
println!(" {} -> {} (exists: {})",
format!("{}:{}", image.ref_name.distribution, image.ref_name.version),
image.ostree_branch,
image.exists_locally);
}
},
Err(e) => {
eprintln!("Failed to list base images: {}", e);
return Err(e.into());
}
}
},
}
},
Commands::Db { subcommand } => {
match subcommand {