# ๐Ÿ–ฅ๏ธ **apt-ostree CLI Command Structure and Help System Architecture** ## ๐Ÿ“‹ **Overview** This document outlines the CLI command structure and help system architecture for apt-ostree, based on analysis of how rpm-ostree implements its comprehensive command-line interface. The CLI provides full compatibility with rpm-ostree commands while leveraging the strengths of the Debian/Ubuntu package management system. ## ๐Ÿ—๏ธ **Architecture Overview** ### **Component Separation** ``` โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ” โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ” โ”Œโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ” โ”‚ CLI Client โ”‚ โ”‚ Rust Core โ”‚ โ”‚ Rust Daemon โ”‚ โ”‚ (apt-ostree) โ”‚โ—„โ”€โ”€โ–บโ”‚ (DBus) โ”‚โ—„โ”€โ”€โ–บโ”‚ (aptostreed) โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Command โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Client Logic โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Command โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Help System โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข DBus Client โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Execution โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Argument โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข Help Display โ”‚ โ”‚ โ€ข State Mgmt โ”‚ โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜ โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜ โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜ ``` ### **Responsibility Distribution** #### **CLI Client (`apt-ostree`)** - **Command parsing** and argument handling - **Help system** and usage information - **DBus communication** with daemon - **User interface** and output formatting #### **Daemon (`aptostreed`)** - **Command execution** and processing - **System state** management - **Operation coordination** and validation - **Result reporting** and error handling ## ๐Ÿ” **rpm-ostree Implementation Analysis** ### **CLI Command Structure** Based on `rpmostree-main.cxx` and various builtin modules, rpm-ostree provides these main command categories: ```c static RpmOstreeCommand commands[] = { { "status", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_LOCAL_CMD, "Show system status", rpmostree_builtin_status }, { "upgrade", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTINE_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Upgrade system", rpmostree_builtin_upgrade }, { "deploy", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Deploy a deployment", rpmostree_builtin_deploy }, { "rollback", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Rollback to previous deployment", rpmostree_builtin_rollback }, { "install", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Install packages", rpmostree_builtin_install }, { "uninstall", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Uninstall packages", rpmostree_builtin_uninstall }, { "override", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Override packages", rpmostree_builtin_override }, { "usroverlay", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "User overlays", rpmostree_builtin_usroverlay }, { "apply-live", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Apply live updates", rpmostree_builtin_apply_live }, { "compose", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Tree composition", rpmostree_builtin_compose }, { "db", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_LOCAL_CMD, "Database operations", rpmostree_builtin_db }, { "initramfs", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Initramfs management", rpmostree_builtin_initramfs }, { "kargs", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Kernel arguments", rpmostree_builtin_kargs }, { "rebase", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Rebase to different base", rpmostree_builtin_rebase }, { "cleanup", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Clean up deployments", rpmostree_builtin_cleanup }, { "refresh-md", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Refresh metadata", rpmostree_builtin_refresh_md }, { "remote", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Remote management", rpmostree_builtin_remote }, { "container", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Container operations", rpmostree_builtin_container }, { "image", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Image operations", rpmostree_builtin_image }, { "pkg", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_LOCAL_CMD, "Package operations", rpmostree_builtin_pkg }, { "reload", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Reload configuration", rpmostree_builtin_reload }, { "reset", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Reset system state", rpmostree_builtin_reset }, { "start-daemon", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Start daemon", rpmostree_builtin_start_daemon }, { "stop-daemon", RPM_OSTREE_BUILTIN_FLAG_REQUIRES_ROOT, "Stop daemon", rpmostree_builtin_stop_daemon }, { NULL, (RpmOstreeBuiltinFlags)0, NULL, NULL } }; ``` ### **Key Insights from rpm-ostree** 1. **Comprehensive Command Coverage**: Covers all major system operations 2. **Consistent Flag Handling**: Standard flags like `--help`, `--version`, `--os` 3. **Root Privilege Requirements**: Many commands require root access 4. **Local vs Remote Commands**: Some commands work locally, others require daemon ## ๐Ÿš€ **apt-ostree Implementation Strategy** ### **1. Main CLI Structure** ```rust // src/main.rs - Main CLI entry point #[tokio::main] async fn main() -> AptOstreeResult<()> { // Initialize logging init_logging()?; // Parse command line arguments let args: Vec = std::env::args().skip(1).collect(); if args.is_empty() { show_usage(); return Ok(()); } // Handle global flags let mut i = 0; while i < args.len() { match args[i].as_str() { "--version" | "-V" => { show_version(); return Ok(()); } "--help" | "-h" => { show_usage(); return Ok(()); } "--quiet" | "-q" => { set_quiet_mode(true); i += 1; } "--verbose" | "-v" => { set_verbose_mode(true); i += 1; } "--debug" => { set_debug_mode(true); i += 1; } _ => break, } } // Get command and subcommand if i >= args.len() { show_usage(); return Ok(()); } let command = &args[i]; let subargs = &args[i + 1..]; // Route to appropriate command handler match command.as_str() { "status" => status_command(subargs).await?, "upgrade" => upgrade_command(subargs).await?, "deploy" => deploy_command(subargs).await?, "rollback" => rollback_command(subargs).await?, "install" => install_command(subargs).await?, "uninstall" => uninstall_command(subargs).await?, "override" => override_commands(subargs).await?, "usroverlay" => usroverlay_commands(subargs).await?, "apply-live" => apply_live_commands(subargs).await?, "compose" => compose_commands(subargs).await?, "db" => db_commands(subargs).await?, "initramfs" => initramfs_commands(subargs).await?, "kargs" => kargs_commands(subargs).await?, "rebase" => rebase_command(subargs).await?, "cleanup" => cleanup_command(subargs).await?, "refresh-md" => refresh_md_command(subargs).await?, "remote" => remote_commands(subargs).await?, "container" => container_commands(subargs).await?, "image" => image_commands(subargs).await?, "pkg" => pkg_commands(subargs).await?, "reload" => reload_command(subargs).await?, "reset" => reset_command(subargs).await?, "start-daemon" => start_daemon_command(subargs).await?, "stop-daemon" => stop_daemon_command(subargs).await?, _ => { eprintln!("โŒ Unknown command: {}", command); show_usage(); std::process::exit(1); } } Ok(()) } ``` ### **2. Command Handler Structure** #### **Base Command Handler** ```rust // src/commands/base_command.rs pub trait BaseCommand { fn name(&self) -> &'static str; fn description(&self) -> &'static str; fn usage(&self) -> &'static str; fn examples(&self) -> &'static [&'static str]; fn flags(&self) -> &'static [CommandFlag]; fn requires_root(&self) -> bool; fn is_local_command(&self) -> bool; async fn execute(&self, args: &[String]) -> AptOstreeResult<()>; fn show_help(&self) { println!("{}", self.usage()); println!(); println!("{}", self.description()); println!(); if !self.flags().is_empty() { println!("OPTIONS:"); for flag in self.flags() { println!(" {} {}", flag.short, flag.long); println!(" {}", flag.description); println!(); } } if !self.examples().is_empty() { println!("EXAMPLES:"); for example in self.examples() { println!(" {}", example); } println!(); } } } pub struct CommandFlag { pub short: &'static str, pub long: &'static str, pub description: &'static str, pub requires_value: bool, } ``` #### **Command Implementation Examples** ```rust // src/commands/status.rs pub struct StatusCommand; impl BaseCommand for StatusCommand { fn name(&self) -> &'static str { "status" } fn description(&self) -> &'static str { "Show system status including OSTree deployments and package information" } fn usage(&self) -> &'static str { "apt-ostree status [OPTIONS]" } fn examples(&self) -> &'static [&'static str] { &[ "apt-ostree status", "apt-ostree status --os fedora", "apt-ostree status --json", ] } fn flags(&self) -> &'static [CommandFlag] { &[ CommandFlag { short: "-o", long: "--os", description: "Operating system name", requires_value: true, }, CommandFlag { short: "-j", long: "--json", description: "Output in JSON format", requires_value: false, }, CommandFlag { short: "-v", long: "--verbose", description: "Verbose output", requires_value: false, }, ] } fn requires_root(&self) -> bool { false } fn is_local_command(&self) -> bool { true } async fn execute(&self, args: &[String]) -> AptOstreeResult<()> { // Parse arguments let mut osname = None; let mut json_output = false; let mut verbose = false; let mut i = 0; while i < args.len() { match args[i].as_str() { "--os" | "-o" => { if i + 1 < args.len() { osname = Some(args[i + 1].clone()); i += 2; } else { return Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument("--os requires a value".to_string())); } } "--json" | "-j" => { json_output = true; i += 1; } "--verbose" | "-v" => { verbose = true; i += 1; } _ => { return Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument( format!("Unknown option: {}", args[i]), )); } } } // Execute status command let status = get_system_status(osname.as_deref()).await?; if json_output { let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&status)?; println!("{}", json); } else { display_system_status(&status, verbose); } Ok(()) } } // src/commands/install.rs pub struct InstallCommand; impl BaseCommand for InstallCommand { fn name(&self) -> &'static str { "install" } fn description(&self) -> &'static str { "Install packages into the current deployment" } fn usage(&self) -> &'static str { "apt-ostree install [OPTIONS] PACKAGES..." } fn examples(&self) -> &'static [&'static str] { &[ "apt-ostree install vim", "apt-ostree install vim emacs", "apt-ostree install --reboot vim", ] } fn flags(&self) -> &'static [CommandFlag] { &[ CommandFlag { short: "-o", long: "--os", description: "Operating system name", requires_value: true, }, CommandFlag { short: "-r", long: "--reboot", description: "Reboot after installation", requires_value: false, }, CommandFlag { short: "-y", long: "--yes", description: "Answer yes to prompts", requires_value: false, }, ] } fn requires_root(&self) -> bool { true } fn is_local_command(&self) -> bool { false } async fn execute(&self, args: &[String]) -> AptOstreeResult<()> { // Parse arguments let mut osname = None; let mut reboot = false; let mut yes = false; let mut packages = Vec::new(); let mut i = 0; while i < args.len() { match args[i].as_str() { "--os" | "-o" => { if i + 1 < args.len() { osname = Some(args[i + 1].clone()); i += 2; } else { return Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument("--os requires a value".to_string())); } } "--reboot" | "-r" => { reboot = true; i += 1; } "--yes" | "-y" => { yes = true; i += 1; } _ => { packages.push(args[i].clone()); i += 1; } } } if packages.is_empty() { return Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument("No packages specified".to_string())); } // Execute package installation install_packages(&packages, osname.as_deref(), reboot, yes).await?; Ok(()) } } ``` ### **3. Help System Implementation** #### **Comprehensive Help Display** ```rust // src/help/help_system.rs pub struct HelpSystem; impl HelpSystem { pub fn show_main_help() { println!("apt-ostree - Hybrid image/package system for Debian/Ubuntu"); println!(); println!("USAGE:"); println!(" apt-ostree [OPTIONS] [SUBCOMMAND] [ARGS]..."); println!(); println!("OPTIONS:"); println!(" -h, --help Show this help message"); println!(" -V, --version Show version information"); println!(" -q, --quiet Suppress output"); println!(" -v, --verbose Verbose output"); println!(" --debug Enable debug output"); println!(); println!("COMMANDS:"); println!(" status Show system status"); println!(" upgrade Upgrade system"); println!(" deploy Deploy a deployment"); println!(" rollback Rollback to previous deployment"); println!(" install Install packages"); println!(" uninstall Uninstall packages"); println!(" override Override packages"); println!(" usroverlay User overlays"); println!(" apply-live Apply live updates"); println!(" compose Tree composition"); println!(" db Database operations"); println!(" initramfs Initramfs management"); println!(" kargs Kernel arguments"); println!(" rebase Rebase to different base"); println!(" cleanup Clean up deployments"); println!(" refresh-md Refresh metadata"); println!(" remote Remote management"); println!(" container Container operations"); println!(" image Image operations"); println!(" pkg Package operations"); println!(" reload Reload configuration"); println!(" reset Reset system state"); println!(" start-daemon Start daemon"); println!(" stop-daemon Stop daemon"); println!(); println!("For more information on a specific command, use:"); println!(" apt-ostree --help"); println!(); println!("For more information on a specific subcommand, use:"); println!(" apt-ostree --help"); } pub fn show_command_help(command: &str) { match command { "status" => StatusCommand.show_help(), "install" => InstallCommand.show_help(), "override" => show_override_help(), "usroverlay" => show_usroverlay_help(), "apply-live" => show_apply_live_help(), "compose" => show_compose_help(), "db" => show_db_help(), "initramfs" => show_initramfs_help(), "kargs" => show_kargs_help(), _ => { eprintln!("โŒ Unknown command: {}", command); println!("Use 'apt-ostree --help' for available commands"); } } } pub fn show_subcommand_help(command: &str, subcommand: &str) { match (command, subcommand) { ("override", "replace") => show_override_replace_help(), ("override", "reset") => show_override_reset_help(), ("override", "list") => show_override_list_help(), ("usroverlay", "apply") => show_usroverlay_apply_help(), ("usroverlay", "list") => show_usroverlay_list_help(), ("usroverlay", "reset") => show_usroverlay_reset_help(), ("usroverlay", "remove") => show_usroverlay_remove_help(), ("apply-live", "apply") => show_apply_live_apply_help(), ("apply-live", "status") => show_apply_live_status_help(), ("apply-live", "rollback") => show_apply_live_rollback_help(), ("compose", "tree") => show_compose_tree_help(), ("compose", "install") => show_compose_install_help(), ("db", "diff") => show_db_diff_help(), ("db", "list") => show_db_list_help(), ("db", "version") => show_db_version_help(), ("initramfs", "regenerate") => show_initramfs_regenerate_help(), ("kargs", "set") => show_kargs_set_help(), ("kargs", "get") => show_kargs_get_help(), ("kargs", "delete") => show_kargs_delete_help(), _ => { eprintln!("โŒ Unknown subcommand: {} {}", command, subcommand); println!("Use 'apt-ostree {} --help' for available subcommands", command); } } } } fn show_override_help() { println!("apt-ostree override - Override packages in the current deployment"); println!(); println!("USAGE:"); println!(" apt-ostree override [OPTIONS] [ARGS]..."); println!(); println!("SUBCOMMANDS:"); println!(" replace Replace a base package with a different version"); println!(" reset Reset a package override to base version"); println!(" list List current package overrides"); println!(); println!("OPTIONS:"); println!(" -o, --os Operating system name"); println!(" -h, --help Show this help message"); println!(); println!("For more information on a specific subcommand, use:"); println!(" apt-ostree override --help"); } fn show_override_replace_help() { println!("apt-ostree override replace - Replace a base package with a different version"); println!(); println!("USAGE:"); println!(" apt-ostree override replace [OPTIONS] "); println!(); println!("ARGUMENTS:"); println!(" PACKAGE Package name to override"); println!(" VERSION New version to use"); println!(); println!("OPTIONS:"); println!(" -o, --os Operating system name"); println!(" -r, --reboot Reboot after override"); println!(" -h, --help Show this help message"); println!(); println!("EXAMPLES:"); println!(" apt-ostree override replace vim 2:9.0.1378-1"); println!(" apt-ostree override replace --reboot vim 2:9.0.1378-1"); } ``` ### **4. Argument Parsing and Validation** #### **Argument Parser** ```rust // src/args/argument_parser.rs pub struct ArgumentParser { args: Vec, position: usize, } impl ArgumentParser { pub fn new(args: Vec) -> Self { Self { args, position: 0 } } pub fn has_next(&self) -> bool { self.position < self.args.len() } pub fn peek(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.args.get(self.position).map(|s| s.as_str()) } pub fn next(&mut self) -> Option { if self.has_next() { let arg = self.args[self.position].clone(); self.position += 1; Some(arg) } else { None } } pub fn expect_flag(&mut self, expected: &str) -> AptOstreeResult { if let Some(arg) = self.peek() { if arg == expected { self.next(); Ok(true) } else { Ok(false) } } else { Ok(false) } } pub fn expect_value(&mut self, flag: &str) -> AptOstreeResult { if let Some(value) = self.next() { Ok(value) } else { Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument( format!("{} requires a value", flag), )) } } pub fn parse_global_flags(&mut self) -> AptOstreeResult { let mut flags = GlobalFlags::default(); while self.has_next() { match self.peek() { Some("--version") | Some("-V") => { flags.version = true; self.next(); } Some("--help") | Some("-h") => { flags.help = true; self.next(); } Some("--quiet") | Some("-q") => { flags.quiet = true; self.next(); } Some("--verbose") | Some("-v") => { flags.verbose = true; self.next(); } Some("--debug") => { flags.debug = true; self.next(); } _ => break, } } Ok(flags) } pub fn parse_command_flags(&mut self, command: &str) -> AptOstreeResult { let mut flags = CommandFlags::default(); while self.has_next() { match self.peek() { Some("--os") | Some("-o") => { self.next(); flags.osname = Some(self.expect_value("--os")?); } Some("--stateroot") => { self.next(); flags.stateroot = Some(self.expect_value("--stateroot")?); } Some("--reboot") | Some("-r") => { flags.reboot = true; self.next(); } Some("--yes") | Some("-y") => { flags.yes = true; self.next(); } Some("--json") | Some("-j") => { flags.json = true; self.next(); } Some("--help") | Some("-h") => { flags.help = true; self.next(); } Some(arg) if arg.starts_with('-') => { return Err(AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument( format!("Unknown option: {}", arg), )); } _ => break, } } Ok(flags) } } #[derive(Debug, Default)] pub struct GlobalFlags { pub version: bool, pub help: bool, pub quiet: bool, pub verbose: bool, pub debug: bool, } #[derive(Debug, Default)] pub struct CommandFlags { pub osname: Option, pub stateroot: Option, pub reboot: bool, pub yes: bool, pub json: bool, pub help: bool, } ``` ### **5. Error Handling and User Feedback** #### **Error Display System** ```rust // src/error/error_display.rs pub struct ErrorDisplay; impl ErrorDisplay { pub fn display_error(error: &AptOstreeError) { match error { AptOstreeError::InvalidArgument(msg) => { eprintln!("โŒ Invalid argument: {}", msg); } AptOstreeError::CommandNotFound(cmd) => { eprintln!("โŒ Command not found: {}", cmd); println!("Use 'apt-ostree --help' for available commands"); } AptOstreeError::SubcommandNotFound(cmd, subcmd) => { eprintln!("โŒ Subcommand not found: {} {}", cmd, subcmd); println!("Use 'apt-ostree {} --help' for available subcommands", cmd); } AptOstreeError::MissingArgument(arg) => { eprintln!("โŒ Missing required argument: {}", arg); } AptOstreeError::InvalidValue(arg, value) => { eprintln!("โŒ Invalid value '{}' for argument: {}", value, arg); } AptOstreeError::PermissionDenied => { eprintln!("โŒ Permission denied"); println!("This command requires root privileges"); } AptOstreeError::SystemError(msg) => { eprintln!("โŒ System error: {}", msg); } AptOstreeError::DaemonError(msg) => { eprintln!("โŒ Daemon error: {}", msg); println!("Check if aptostreed is running"); } _ => { eprintln!("โŒ Error: {}", error); } } } pub fn display_usage_hint(command: &str) { println!("๐Ÿ’ก Use 'apt-ostree {} --help' for more information", command); } pub fn display_command_suggestions(input: &str) { let suggestions = find_similar_commands(input); if !suggestions.is_empty() { println!("๐Ÿ’ก Did you mean:"); for suggestion in suggestions { println!(" apt-ostree {}", suggestion); } } } } fn find_similar_commands(input: &str) -> Vec { let all_commands = [ "status", "upgrade", "deploy", "rollback", "install", "uninstall", "override", "usroverlay", "apply-live", "compose", "db", "initramfs", "kargs", "rebase", "cleanup", "refresh-md", "remote", "container", "image", "pkg", "reload", "reset", "start-daemon", "stop-daemon", ]; let mut suggestions = Vec::new(); for cmd in &all_commands { if cmd.starts_with(input) || input.starts_with(cmd) { suggestions.push(cmd.to_string()); } } suggestions.sort(); suggestions.truncate(3); // Limit to 3 suggestions suggestions } ``` ## ๐Ÿ” **Security Considerations and Privilege Management** ### **1. Polkit Integration for Command Authorization** ```rust // Security checks for commands using Polkit impl SecurityManager { pub async fn authorize_command( &self, command: &str, subcommand: Option<&str>, user_id: u32, ) -> Result<(), SecurityError> { // Build Polkit action string let action = match subcommand { Some(sub) => format!("org.projectatomic.aptostree.{}.{}", command, sub), None => format!("org.projectatomic.aptostree.{}", command), }; // Use Polkit for authorization let polkit_result = self.check_polkit_authorization(&action, user_id).await?; if !polkit_result.authorized { return Err(SecurityError::PolkitAuthorizationDenied { action, user_id, details: polkit_result.details, }); } Ok(()) } async fn check_polkit_authorization( &self, action: &str, user_id: u32, ) -> Result { // Create Polkit authority let authority = polkit::Authority::get().await?; // Get subject for the user let subject = polkit::UnixProcess::new_for_owner( std::process::id(), None, Some(user_id), )?; // Check authorization let result = authority .check_authorization( &subject, action, None, polkit::CheckFlags::NONE, None, ) .await?; Ok(PolkitResult { authorized: result.is_authorized(), details: result.get_details().map(|d| d.to_string()), }) } } ``` ### **2. Command Privilege Validation** ```rust // Validate command privileges impl CommandValidator { pub fn validate_command_privileges( &self, command: &str, subcommand: Option<&str>, ) -> AptOstreeResult<()> { // Check if command requires root if self.command_requires_root(command, subcommand) { if !self.is_running_as_root() { return Err(AptOstreeError::PermissionDenied); } } // Check if command requires daemon if !self.command_is_local(command, subcommand) { if !self.daemon_is_running().await? { return Err(AptOstreeError::DaemonNotRunning); } } Ok(()) } fn command_requires_root(&self, command: &str, subcommand: Option<&str>) -> bool { match (command, subcommand) { ("status", _) | ("db", _) | ("pkg", _) => false, ("override", "list") | ("usroverlay", "list") | ("apply-live", "status") => false, _ => true, } } fn command_is_local(&self, command: &str, subcommand: Option<&str>) -> bool { match (command, subcommand) { ("status", _) | ("db", _) | ("pkg", _) => true, ("override", "list") | ("usroverlay", "list") | ("apply-live", "status") => true, _ => false, } } } ``` ## ๐Ÿ“Š **Performance Optimization** ### **1. Command Caching** ```rust // Cache command information impl CommandCache { pub async fn get_cached_command_info( &self, command: &str, ) -> Result, Error> { // Check cache first if let Some(cached) = self.cache.get_command(command).await? { return Ok(Some(cached)); } // Fetch from command registry let command_info = self.command_registry.get_command(command).await?; // Cache the result if let Some(ref info) = command_info { self.cache.cache_command(info).await?; } Ok(command_info) } } ``` ### **2. Parallel Command Processing** ```rust // Parallel command execution impl CommandExecutor { pub async fn execute_parallel_commands( &self, commands: Vec, ) -> Result, Error> { let mut tasks = JoinSet::new(); // Spawn parallel command tasks for command_request in commands { let command_executor = self.clone(); tasks.spawn(async move { command_executor .execute_command( &command_request.command, command_request.subcommand.as_deref(), &command_request.args, command_request.flags, ) .await }); } // Collect results let mut results = Vec::new(); while let Some(result) = tasks.join_next().await { results.push(result??); } Ok(results) } } ``` ## ๐Ÿงช **Testing Strategy** ### **1. Unit Tests** ```rust #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use super::*; #[test] fn test_argument_parser_global_flags() { let args = vec![ "--version".to_string(), "--help".to_string(), "--quiet".to_string(), ]; let mut parser = ArgumentParser::new(args); let flags = parser.parse_global_flags().unwrap(); assert!(flags.version); assert!(flags.help); assert!(flags.quiet); } #[test] fn test_command_validation() { let validator = CommandValidator::new(); // Test root requirement assert!(validator.command_requires_root("install", None)); assert!(!validator.command_requires_root("status", None)); // Test local command assert!(validator.command_is_local("status", None)); assert!(!validator.command_is_local("install", None)); } } ``` ### **2. Integration Tests** ```rust #[tokio::test] async fn test_full_cli_workflow() { // Test main help let output = run_cli_command(&["--help"]).await?; assert!(output.contains("apt-ostree - Hybrid image/package system")); // Test command help let output = run_cli_command(&["install", "--help"]).await?; assert!(output.contains("Install packages into the current deployment")); // Test subcommand help let output = run_cli_command(&["override", "replace", "--help"]).await?; assert!(output.contains("Replace a base package with a different version")); // Test invalid command let output = run_cli_command(&["invalid-command"]).await?; assert!(output.contains("Unknown command: invalid-command")); } ``` ## ๐Ÿš€ **Future Enhancements** ### **1. Advanced CLI Features** - **Command aliases** and shortcuts - **Command history** and suggestions - **Interactive mode** with tab completion - **Command chaining** and pipelines ### **2. Performance Improvements** - **Command caching** strategies - **Background command** execution - **Command optimization** and parallelization - **Command cleanup** automation ### **3. Integration Features** - **External command** plugins - **Command monitoring** and logging - **Command analytics** and reporting - **Automated command** testing and validation This architecture provides a solid foundation for implementing a production-ready CLI interface in apt-ostree, maintaining full compatibility with the rpm-ostree ecosystem while providing comprehensive help systems, robust argument parsing, and comprehensive security through Polkit integration.