Initial commit: Comprehensive Debian bootc documentation
- Complete documentation for all bootc commands and subcommands - Debian-specific adaptations and workarounds - Manual installation methods to bypass bootc reliability issues - Technical guides with Rust source code analysis - Flowcharts and external command references - Hidden command documentation (bootc internals, state, etc.) - Composefs integration analysis - Base image creation guides (with and without bootc binary) - Management scripts and automation - Comprehensive troubleshooting and examples
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# bootc internals - External Commands Reference
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## Overview
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This document provides a comprehensive reference for all external commands used by `bootc internals` operations. These commands are essential for understanding the dependencies and integration points of the bootc internals system.
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## Core Commands
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### bootc
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**Purpose**: Main bootc command for internals operations
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**Usage**: `bootc internals <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: None (core command)
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#### Internals Subcommands
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- `bootc internals systemd-generator` - Generate systemd units
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- `bootc internals fixup-etc-fstab` - Fix /etc/fstab
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- `bootc internals print-json-schema` - Generate JSON schemas
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- `bootc internals fsverity` - Filesystem verity operations
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- `bootc internals fsck` - Filesystem consistency check
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- `bootc internals cleanup` - Perform cleanup operations
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- `bootc internals relabel` - SELinux relabeling
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- `bootc internals ostree-ext` - Proxy to ostree-ext CLI
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- `bootc internals cfs` - Proxy to cfsctl CLI
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- `bootc internals ostree-container` - Proxy to ostree container CLI
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- `bootc internals test-composefs` - Test composefs repository
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- `bootc internals loopback-cleanup-helper` - Loopback device cleanup
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- `bootc internals allocate-cleanup-loopback` - Test loopback allocation
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- `bootc internals bootc-install-completion` - Complete installation
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- `bootc internals reboot` - Initiate reboot
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- `bootc internals publish-rhsm-facts` - Publish RHSM facts
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- `bootc internals dump-cli-json` - Dump CLI structure as JSON
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- `bootc internals dir-diff` - Test directory diff functionality
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Generate systemd units
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bootc internals systemd-generator /run/systemd/system
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# Fix /etc/fstab
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bootc internals fixup-etc-fstab
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# Run filesystem check
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bootc internals fsck
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# Clean up system
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bootc internals cleanup
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# Test composefs
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bootc internals test-composefs
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# Reboot system
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bootc internals reboot
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```
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## Systemd Commands
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### systemctl
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**Purpose**: Systemd service management
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**Usage**: `systemctl <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: systemd
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#### Service Commands
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- `systemctl status` - Show service status
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- `systemctl start` - Start service
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- `systemctl stop` - Stop service
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- `systemctl restart` - Restart service
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- `systemctl enable` - Enable service
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- `systemctl disable` - Disable service
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- `systemctl reload` - Reload service
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- `systemctl daemon-reload` - Reload systemd configuration
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Check service status
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systemctl status bootc-systemd-generator
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# Start service
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systemctl start bootc-systemd-generator
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# Enable service
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systemctl enable bootc-systemd-generator
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# Reload systemd configuration
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systemctl daemon-reload
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```
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### journalctl
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**Purpose**: Systemd journal viewing
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**Usage**: `journalctl [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: systemd
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Show all logs
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journalctl
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# Show logs for service
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journalctl -u bootc-systemd-generator
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# Show recent logs
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journalctl -n 100
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# Follow logs
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journalctl -f
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# Show logs since time
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journalctl --since "1 hour ago"
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# Show logs with priority
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journalctl -p err
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```
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## OSTree Commands
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### ostree
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**Purpose**: OSTree repository operations
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**Usage**: `ostree <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: ostree package
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#### Repository Commands
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- `ostree log` - Show commit log
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- `ostree show` - Show commit details
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- `ostree refs` - List references
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- `ostree ls` - List repository contents
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- `ostree cat` - Show file contents
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- `ostree checkout` - Checkout files
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- `ostree admin status` - Show admin status
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- `ostree admin pin` - Pin deployments
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- `ostree admin unpin` - Unpin deployments
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- `ostree admin deploy` - Deploy commits
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- `ostree admin rollback` - Rollback deployments
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- `ostree admin cleanup` - Clean up deployments
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Show repository status
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ostree admin status
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# List references
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ostree refs
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# Show commit details
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ostree show <commit-hash>
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# List repository contents
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ostree ls <commit-hash>
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# Show file contents
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ostree cat <commit-hash> /path/to/file
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# Checkout files
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ostree checkout <commit-hash> /path/to/destination
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# Deploy commit
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ostree admin deploy <commit-hash>
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# Rollback deployment
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ostree admin rollback
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# Clean up deployments
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ostree admin cleanup
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```
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### ostree-ext
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**Purpose**: Extended OSTree operations
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**Usage**: `ostree-ext <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: ostree-ext package
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Container operations
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ostree-ext container pull quay.io/myorg/image:latest
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# Repository operations
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ostree-ext repo create /path/to/repo
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# Image operations
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ostree-ext image build /path/to/image
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```
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## Composefs Commands
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### cfsctl
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**Purpose**: Composefs control operations
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**Usage**: `cfsctl <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: composefs package
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Create repository
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cfsctl repo create /path/to/repo
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# Import layer
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cfsctl oci import-layer <sha256> <name>
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# List layers
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cfsctl oci ls-layer <name>
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# Create filesystem
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cfsctl create-fs <name> <output>
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# Write boot entries
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cfsctl write-boot <name> <output>
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```
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## Filesystem Commands
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### fsverity
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**Purpose**: Filesystem verity operations
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**Usage**: `fsverity <subcommand> [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: fsverity-utils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Measure file digest
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fsverity measure /path/to/file
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# Enable verity
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fsverity enable /path/to/file
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# Show verity status
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fsverity status /path/to/file
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```
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### mount
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**Purpose**: Filesystem mounting
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**Usage**: `mount [options...] <device> <directory>`
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**Dependencies**: util-linux
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Mount filesystem
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mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
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# Unmount filesystem
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umount /mnt
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# Check mount points
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findmnt
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# Mount with options
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mount -o ro,noexec /dev/sda1 /mnt
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```
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### umount
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**Purpose**: Unmount filesystems
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**Usage**: `umount [options...] <directory>`
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**Dependencies**: util-linux
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Unmount filesystem
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umount /mnt
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# Force unmount
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umount -f /mnt
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# Lazy unmount
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umount -l /mnt
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```
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### losetup
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**Purpose**: Loop device management
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**Usage**: `losetup [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: util-linux
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Create loop device
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losetup -f /path/to/image
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# List loop devices
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losetup -a
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# Detach loop device
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losetup -d /dev/loop0
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# Show loop device info
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losetup -l
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```
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## SELinux Commands
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### setsebool
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**Purpose**: Set SELinux boolean values
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**Usage**: `setsebool [options...] <boolean> <value>`
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**Dependencies**: policycoreutils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Set boolean value
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setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
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# List boolean values
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getsebool -a
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# Show boolean value
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getsebool httpd_can_network_connect
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```
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### restorecon
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**Purpose**: Restore SELinux contexts
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**Usage**: `restorecon [options...] <path>`
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**Dependencies**: policycoreutils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Restore context
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restorecon -R /path/to/directory
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# Restore with verbose output
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restorecon -v /path/to/file
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# Restore with force
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restorecon -F /path/to/file
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```
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### chcon
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**Purpose**: Change SELinux context
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**Usage**: `chcon [options...] <context> <path>`
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**Dependencies**: coreutils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Change context
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chcon -t httpd_exec_t /path/to/file
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# Change context recursively
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chcon -R -t httpd_exec_t /path/to/directory
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# Change context with reference
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chcon --reference /path/to/reference /path/to/target
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```
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## Storage Commands
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### df
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**Purpose**: Disk space usage
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**Usage**: `df [options...] [file...]`
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**Dependencies**: coreutils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Show disk usage
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df -h
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# Show specific filesystem
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df -h /var/lib/bootc
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# Show inode usage
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df -i
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# Show all filesystems
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df -a
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```
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### du
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**Purpose**: Directory space usage
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**Usage**: `du [options...] [file...]`
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**Dependencies**: coreutils
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Show directory usage
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du -h /var/lib/bootc
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# Show total usage
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du -sh /var/lib/bootc
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# Show usage by subdirectory
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du -h --max-depth=1 /var/lib/bootc
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# Show usage of all files
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du -ah /var/lib/bootc
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```
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### lsblk
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**Purpose**: List block devices
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**Usage**: `lsblk [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: util-linux
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# List block devices
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lsblk
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# Show device tree
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lsblk -f
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# Show device sizes
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lsblk -b
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# Show device types
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lsblk -d
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```
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## Network Commands
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### curl
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**Purpose**: HTTP client for registry operations
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**Usage**: `curl [options...] <url>`
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**Dependencies**: curl
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Download file
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curl -O https://example.com/file.tar
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# Get HTTP headers
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curl -I https://example.com
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# POST data
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curl -X POST -d "data" https://example.com
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# With authentication
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curl -u username:password https://example.com
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# With custom headers
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curl -H "Authorization: Bearer token" https://example.com
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```
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### wget
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**Purpose**: HTTP client for downloading files
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**Usage**: `wget [options...] <url>`
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**Dependencies**: wget
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#### Examples
|
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```bash
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# Download file
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wget https://example.com/file.tar
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# Download with progress
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wget --progress=bar https://example.com/file.tar
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# Download recursively
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wget -r https://example.com/
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# Download with authentication
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wget --user=username --password=password https://example.com
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```
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## Process Commands
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### ps
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**Purpose**: Process status
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**Usage**: `ps [options...]`
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**Dependencies**: procps
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#### Examples
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```bash
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# Show all processes
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ps aux
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# Show process tree
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ps -ef
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# Show specific process
|
||||
ps -p 1234
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|
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# Show processes by user
|
||||
ps -u username
|
||||
```
|
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|
||||
### kill
|
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|
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**Purpose**: Send signals to processes
|
||||
**Usage**: `kill [options...] <pid>`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: util-linux
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|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
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# Kill process
|
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kill 1234
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|
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# Force kill process
|
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kill -9 1234
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|
||||
# Send signal
|
||||
kill -TERM 1234
|
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|
||||
# Kill by name
|
||||
pkill process_name
|
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```
|
||||
|
||||
### pkill
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Kill processes by name
|
||||
**Usage**: `pkill [options...] <pattern>`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: procps
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Kill by name
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pkill process_name
|
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|
||||
# Force kill by name
|
||||
pkill -9 process_name
|
||||
|
||||
# Kill by pattern
|
||||
pkill -f "pattern"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## File Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### ls
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: List directory contents
|
||||
**Usage**: `ls [options...] [file...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: coreutils
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# List files
|
||||
ls
|
||||
|
||||
# List with details
|
||||
ls -l
|
||||
|
||||
# List all files
|
||||
ls -a
|
||||
|
||||
# List with human readable sizes
|
||||
ls -lh
|
||||
|
||||
# List with recursive
|
||||
ls -R
|
||||
|
||||
# List with sort by time
|
||||
ls -lt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### find
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Find files
|
||||
**Usage**: `find [path...] [expression]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: findutils
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Find files by name
|
||||
find /path -name "*.txt"
|
||||
|
||||
# Find files by type
|
||||
find /path -type f
|
||||
|
||||
# Find files by size
|
||||
find /path -size +100M
|
||||
|
||||
# Find files by modification time
|
||||
find /path -mtime -7
|
||||
|
||||
# Find files by permissions
|
||||
find /path -perm 644
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### stat
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: File status
|
||||
**Usage**: `stat [options...] [file...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: coreutils
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show file status
|
||||
stat file.txt
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in custom format
|
||||
stat -c "%n %s %Y" file.txt
|
||||
|
||||
# Show filesystem status
|
||||
stat -f /path
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with format
|
||||
stat --format="%n: %s bytes" file.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Archive Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### tar
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Archive operations
|
||||
**Usage**: `tar [options...] <archive> [file...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: tar
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Create archive
|
||||
tar -cf archive.tar file1 file2
|
||||
|
||||
# Extract archive
|
||||
tar -xf archive.tar
|
||||
|
||||
# List archive contents
|
||||
tar -tf archive.tar
|
||||
|
||||
# Create compressed archive
|
||||
tar -czf archive.tar.gz file1 file2
|
||||
|
||||
# Extract compressed archive
|
||||
tar -xzf archive.tar.gz
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### gzip
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Compression
|
||||
**Usage**: `gzip [options...] [file...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: gzip
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Compress file
|
||||
gzip file.txt
|
||||
|
||||
# Decompress file
|
||||
gzip -d file.txt.gz
|
||||
|
||||
# Compress with custom level
|
||||
gzip -9 file.txt
|
||||
|
||||
# Keep original file
|
||||
gzip -k file.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## System Information Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### uname
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: System information
|
||||
**Usage**: `uname [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: coreutils
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show system name
|
||||
uname
|
||||
|
||||
# Show all information
|
||||
uname -a
|
||||
|
||||
# Show kernel name
|
||||
uname -s
|
||||
|
||||
# Show kernel version
|
||||
uname -r
|
||||
|
||||
# Show machine type
|
||||
uname -m
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### hostname
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Hostname operations
|
||||
**Usage**: `hostname [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: hostname
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show hostname
|
||||
hostname
|
||||
|
||||
# Show FQDN
|
||||
hostname -f
|
||||
|
||||
# Show short hostname
|
||||
hostname -s
|
||||
|
||||
# Show domain name
|
||||
hostname -d
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### lscpu
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: CPU information
|
||||
**Usage**: `lscpu [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: util-linux
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show CPU information
|
||||
lscpu
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in JSON format
|
||||
lscpu -J
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in extended format
|
||||
lscpu -e
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in parseable format
|
||||
lscpu -p
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### free
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Memory information
|
||||
**Usage**: `free [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: procps
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show memory usage
|
||||
free
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in human readable format
|
||||
free -h
|
||||
|
||||
# Show in bytes
|
||||
free -b
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with total
|
||||
free -t
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with wide format
|
||||
free -w
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Container Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### podman
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Container runtime
|
||||
**Usage**: `podman <subcommand> [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: podman
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# List containers
|
||||
podman ps
|
||||
|
||||
# List images
|
||||
podman images
|
||||
|
||||
# Pull image
|
||||
podman pull quay.io/myorg/image:latest
|
||||
|
||||
# Run container
|
||||
podman run -it image:latest
|
||||
|
||||
# Build image
|
||||
podman build -t myimage:latest .
|
||||
|
||||
# Inspect image
|
||||
podman inspect image:latest
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### docker
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Alternative container runtime
|
||||
**Usage**: `docker <subcommand> [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: docker
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# List containers
|
||||
docker ps
|
||||
|
||||
# List images
|
||||
docker images
|
||||
|
||||
# Pull image
|
||||
docker pull quay.io/myorg/image:latest
|
||||
|
||||
# Run container
|
||||
docker run -it image:latest
|
||||
|
||||
# Build image
|
||||
docker build -t myimage:latest .
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Development Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### make
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Build automation
|
||||
**Usage**: `make [target...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: make
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Build project
|
||||
make
|
||||
|
||||
# Clean build
|
||||
make clean
|
||||
|
||||
# Install
|
||||
make install
|
||||
|
||||
# Run tests
|
||||
make test
|
||||
|
||||
# Update generated files
|
||||
make update-generated
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### cargo
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Rust package manager
|
||||
**Usage**: `cargo <subcommand> [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: rust
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Build project
|
||||
cargo build
|
||||
|
||||
# Run project
|
||||
cargo run
|
||||
|
||||
# Run tests
|
||||
cargo test
|
||||
|
||||
# Check code
|
||||
cargo check
|
||||
|
||||
# Update dependencies
|
||||
cargo update
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### git
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Version control
|
||||
**Usage**: `git <subcommand> [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: git
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Clone repository
|
||||
git clone https://github.com/containers/bootc.git
|
||||
|
||||
# Check status
|
||||
git status
|
||||
|
||||
# Add files
|
||||
git add .
|
||||
|
||||
# Commit changes
|
||||
git commit -m "message"
|
||||
|
||||
# Push changes
|
||||
git push
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Monitoring Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### top
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Process monitoring
|
||||
**Usage**: `top [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: procps
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show processes
|
||||
top
|
||||
|
||||
# Show specific user
|
||||
top -u username
|
||||
|
||||
# Show specific process
|
||||
top -p 1234
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with custom delay
|
||||
top -d 5
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with custom sort
|
||||
top -o %CPU
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### htop
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: Interactive process monitoring
|
||||
**Usage**: `htop [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: htop
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show processes
|
||||
htop
|
||||
|
||||
# Show specific user
|
||||
htop -u username
|
||||
|
||||
# Show specific process
|
||||
htop -p 1234
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with custom delay
|
||||
htop -d 5
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### iotop
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: I/O monitoring
|
||||
**Usage**: `iotop [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: iotop
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Show I/O usage
|
||||
iotop
|
||||
|
||||
# Show only processes doing I/O
|
||||
iotop -o
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with custom delay
|
||||
iotop -d 5
|
||||
|
||||
# Show with custom refresh
|
||||
iotop -n 10
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Security Commands
|
||||
|
||||
### openssl
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: SSL/TLS operations
|
||||
**Usage**: `openssl <command> [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: openssl
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Generate private key
|
||||
openssl genrsa -out key.pem 2048
|
||||
|
||||
# Generate certificate
|
||||
openssl req -new -x509 -key key.pem -out cert.pem
|
||||
|
||||
# Verify certificate
|
||||
openssl verify cert.pem
|
||||
|
||||
# Check certificate details
|
||||
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -text -noout
|
||||
|
||||
# Generate hash
|
||||
openssl dgst -sha256 file.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### gpg
|
||||
|
||||
**Purpose**: GPG operations
|
||||
**Usage**: `gpg [options...]`
|
||||
**Dependencies**: gnupg
|
||||
|
||||
#### Examples
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Generate key pair
|
||||
gpg --gen-key
|
||||
|
||||
# List keys
|
||||
gpg --list-keys
|
||||
|
||||
# Sign file
|
||||
gpg --sign file.txt
|
||||
|
||||
# Verify signature
|
||||
gpg --verify file.txt.asc
|
||||
|
||||
# Encrypt file
|
||||
gpg --encrypt file.txt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This comprehensive reference covers all external commands used by the bootc internals system, providing examples and usage patterns for each command.
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue