diff --git a/builder/kojid b/builder/kojid
index 409b0fe8..04425e60 100755
--- a/builder/kojid
+++ b/builder/kojid
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class BuildRoot(object):
         output = koji.genMockConfig(self.name, self.br_arch, managed=True, **opts)
 
         #write config
-        fo = file(configfile,'w')
+        fo = open(configfile,'w')
         fo.write(output)
         fo.close()
 
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ class BuildRoot(object):
 </settings>
 """
         settings = settings % locals()
-        fo = file(self.rootdir() + destfile, 'w')
+        fo = open(self.rootdir() + destfile, 'w')
         fo.write(settings)
         fo.close()
 
@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ class WrapperRPMTask(BaseBuildTask):
         contents = contents.encode('utf-8')
 
         specfile = spec_template[:-5]
-        specfd = file(specfile, 'w')
+        specfd = open(specfile, 'w')
         specfd.write(contents)
         specfd.close()
 
@@ -5044,7 +5044,7 @@ class CreaterepoTask(BaseTaskHandler):
         if external_repos:
             self.merge_repos(external_repos, arch, groupdata)
         elif pkglist is None:
-            fo = file(os.path.join(self.datadir, "EMPTY_REPO"), 'w')
+            fo = open(os.path.join(self.datadir, "EMPTY_REPO"), 'w')
             fo.write("This repo is empty because its tag has no content for this arch\n")
             fo.close()
 
@@ -5622,7 +5622,7 @@ enabled=1
 
     def write_kojipkgs(self):
         filename = os.path.join(self.repodir, 'kojipkgs')
-        datafile = file(filename, 'w')
+        datafile = open(filename, 'w')
         try:
             json.dump(self.kojipkgs, datafile, indent=4, sort_keys=True)
         finally:
diff --git a/builder/mergerepos b/builder/mergerepos
index 55a1938b..5e4b3579 100755
--- a/builder/mergerepos
+++ b/builder/mergerepos
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class RepoMerge(object):
                     include_srpms[srpm_name] = (pkg.sourcerpm, pkg.repoid)
 
         pkgorigins = os.path.join(self.yumbase.conf.cachedir, 'pkgorigins')
-        origins = file(pkgorigins, 'w')
+        origins = open(pkgorigins, 'w')
 
         seen_rpms = {}
         for repo in repos:
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ def main(args):
     opts = parse_args(args)
 
     if opts.blocked:
-        blocked_fo = file(opts.blocked)
+        blocked_fo = open(opts.blocked)
         blocked_list = blocked_fo.readlines()
         blocked_fo.close()
         blocked = dict([(b.strip(), 1) for b in blocked_list])
diff --git a/util/koji-gc b/util/koji-gc
index 930ec319..29a4ef10 100755
--- a/util/koji-gc
+++ b/util/koji-gc
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ def read_policies(fn=None):
     The expected format as follows
         test [params] [&& test [params] ...] :: (keep|untag|skip)
     """
-    fo = file(fn, 'r')
+    fo = open(fn, 'r')
     tests = koji.policy.findSimpleTests(globals())
     ret = koji.policy.SimpleRuleSet(fo, tests)
     fo.close()
diff --git a/util/koji-shadow b/util/koji-shadow
index 891d7d41..d7781615 100755
--- a/util/koji-shadow
+++ b/util/koji-shadow
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ class TrackedBuild(object):
             fsrc = urllib2.urlopen(url)
             fn = "%s/%s.src.rpm" % (options.workpath, self.nvr)
             koji.ensuredir(os.path.dirname(fn))
-            fdst = file(fn, 'w')
+            fdst = open(fn, 'w')
             shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst)
             fsrc.close()
             fdst.close()
@@ -889,7 +889,7 @@ class BuildTracker(object):
                 os.chown(os.path.dirname(dst), 48, 48) #XXX - hack
                 log ("Downloading %s to %s" % (url, dst))
                 fsrc = urllib2.urlopen(url)
-                fdst = file(fn, 'w')
+                fdst = open(fn, 'w')
                 shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst)
                 fsrc.close()
                 fdst.close()
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ class BuildTracker(object):
             dst = "%s/%s" % (options.workpath, fn)
             log ("Downloading %s to %s..." % (url, dst))
             fsrc = urllib2.urlopen(url)
-            fdst = file(dst, 'w')
+            fdst = open(dst, 'w')
             shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst)
             fsrc.close()
             fdst.close()
diff --git a/vm/kojivmd b/vm/kojivmd
index d2044b28..b2f994ca 100755
--- a/vm/kojivmd
+++ b/vm/kojivmd
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ class VMExecTask(BaseTaskHandler):
                 f.close()
 
 
-        return file(localpath, 'r')
+        return open(localpath, 'r')
 
     def getFile(self, buildinfo, archiveinfo, offset, length, type):
         """
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ class VMExecTask(BaseTaskHandler):
         if offset == 0:
             if os.path.exists(local_path):
                 raise koji.BuildError('cannot overwrite %s' % local_path)
-            fobj = file(local_path, 'w')
+            fobj = open(local_path, 'w')
         else:
             if not os.path.isfile(local_path):
                 raise koji.BuildError('% does not exist' % local_path)
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ class VMExecTask(BaseTaskHandler):
             if offset != size:
                 raise koji.BuildError('cannot write to %s at offset %s, size is %s' % \
                       (local_path, offset, size))
-            fobj = file(local_path, 'r+')
+            fobj = open(local_path, 'r+')
             fobj.seek(offset)
         data = base64.b64decode(contents)
         fobj.write(data)
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ class VMExecTask(BaseTaskHandler):
         else:
             raise koji.BuildError('unsupported checksum algorithm: %s' % algo)
 
-        fobj = file(local_path, 'r')
+        fobj = open(local_path, 'r')
         while True:
             data = fobj.read(1048576)
             if not data: