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bootc-docs/exec-in-host-mount-namespace/bootc-exec-in-host-mount-namespace-examples-troubleshooting.md
robojerk 526f1c1afd Initial commit: Comprehensive Debian bootc documentation 
- Complete documentation for all bootc commands and subcommands
- Debian-specific adaptations and workarounds
- Manual installation methods to bypass bootc reliability issues
- Technical guides with Rust source code analysis
- Flowcharts and external command references
- Hidden command documentation (bootc internals, state, etc.)
- Composefs integration analysis
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- Management scripts and automation
- Comprehensive troubleshooting and examples
2025-09-15 14:02:28 -07:00

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# bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace - Examples and Troubleshooting
## Overview
This document provides practical examples and troubleshooting guidance for the `bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace` system, covering common use cases, error scenarios, and debugging techniques.
## Common Use Cases
### 1. Container Operations
#### Execute Commands in Host Namespace
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Execute commands in host mount namespace
echo "=== Host Namespace Operations ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# List host filesystem
echo "Listing host filesystem:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
# Check host system status
echo "Checking host system status:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace systemctl status
# View host processes
echo "Viewing host processes:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ps aux
# Check host storage
echo "Checking host storage:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace df -h
```
#### Mount Operations in Host Namespace
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Mount operations in host namespace
echo "=== Host Mount Operations ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Mount filesystem in host namespace
echo "Mounting filesystem in host namespace:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
# Check mount points
echo "Checking mount points:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace mount | grep /mnt
# Unmount filesystem
echo "Unmounting filesystem:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace umount /mnt
```
### 2. Installation Support
#### Installation Operations
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Installation operations using host namespace
echo "=== Installation Operations ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Create directories in host filesystem
echo "Creating directories in host filesystem:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace mkdir -p /var/lib/bootc
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace mkdir -p /etc/bootc
# Copy files to host filesystem
echo "Copying files to host filesystem:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace cp /source/config.toml /etc/bootc/
# Set permissions
echo "Setting permissions:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace chmod 644 /etc/bootc/config.toml
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace chown root:root /etc/bootc/config.toml
```
#### Bootloader Operations
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Bootloader operations in host namespace
echo "=== Bootloader Operations ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Update GRUB configuration
echo "Updating GRUB configuration:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
# Install GRUB
echo "Installing GRUB:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace grub-install /dev/sda
# Update initramfs
echo "Updating initramfs:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace update-initramfs -u
```
### 3. Debugging and Maintenance
#### System Diagnostics
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# System diagnostics using host namespace
echo "=== System Diagnostics ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check system information
echo "System information:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace uname -a
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace hostname
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace lscpu
# Check memory usage
echo "Memory usage:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace free -h
# Check disk usage
echo "Disk usage:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace df -h
# Check process information
echo "Process information:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ps aux | head -20
```
#### Log Analysis
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Log analysis using host namespace
echo "=== Log Analysis ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check system logs
echo "System logs:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace journalctl --since "1 hour ago" | head -50
# Check specific service logs
echo "Service logs:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace journalctl -u bootc-* --since "1 hour ago"
# Check kernel logs
echo "Kernel logs:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace dmesg | tail -20
```
### 4. System Integration
#### Service Management
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Service management using host namespace
echo "=== Service Management ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check service status
echo "Service status:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace systemctl status bootc-*
# Start services
echo "Starting services:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace systemctl start bootc-*
# Enable services
echo "Enabling services:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace systemctl enable bootc-*
# Reload systemd
echo "Reloading systemd:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace systemctl daemon-reload
```
#### Network Operations
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Network operations using host namespace
echo "=== Network Operations ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check network interfaces
echo "Network interfaces:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ip addr show
# Check network connections
echo "Network connections:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace netstat -tuln
# Test network connectivity
echo "Network connectivity:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ping -c 3 8.8.8.8
```
## Troubleshooting Guide
### 1. Common Error Scenarios
#### Missing Command Error
**Error**: `Missing command`
**Cause**: No command provided to execute
**Solution**:
```bash
# Provide a command
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
# Or use a shell
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /bin/bash
```
**Prevention**:
```bash
# Check if command is provided
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Error: No command provided"
exit 1
fi
# Execute command
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace "$@"
```
#### Namespace Access Error
**Error**: `open pid1 mountns: No such file or directory`
**Cause**: Cannot access host mount namespace
**Solution**:
```bash
# Check if /proc/1/ns/mnt exists
ls -la /proc/1/ns/mnt
# Check if running as root
whoami
# Run as root
sudo bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
```
**Prevention**:
```bash
# Check namespace availability
if [ ! -e /proc/1/ns/mnt ]; then
echo "Error: Host mount namespace not available"
exit 1
fi
# Check privileges
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Error: Must run as root"
exit 1
fi
```
#### setns Error
**Error**: `setns: Operation not permitted`
**Cause**: Insufficient privileges for namespace switching
**Solution**:
```bash
# Run as root
sudo bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
# Check capabilities
getcap /usr/bin/bootc
# Add capabilities if needed
setcap cap_sys_admin+ep /usr/bin/bootc
```
**Prevention**:
```bash
# Check privileges
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Error: Must run as root for namespace operations"
exit 1
fi
```
#### Command Not Found Error
**Error**: `exec: command not found`
**Cause**: Command not found in host namespace
**Solution**:
```bash
# Use full path
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /bin/ls /
# Check command availability
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace which ls
# Use absolute path
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /usr/bin/ls /
```
**Prevention**:
```bash
# Check command availability first
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace which "$1" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "Error: Command not found: $1"
exit 1
fi
```
### 2. Debugging Techniques
#### Enable Debug Logging
```bash
# Set debug log level
export RUST_LOG=debug
# Run command with debug output
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
# Check debug logs
journalctl -u bootc-* --since "1 hour ago" | grep DEBUG
```
#### Verbose Output
```bash
# Enable verbose output
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace -v ls /
# Check verbose logs
journalctl -u bootc-* --since "1 hour ago" | grep -v INFO
```
#### System Information
```bash
# Gather system information
uname -a
lsb_release -a
systemctl --version
bootc --version
# Check system configuration
cat /etc/os-release
cat /proc/version
cat /proc/cpuinfo | head -20
```
#### Namespace Diagnostics
```bash
# Check namespace information
ls -la /proc/1/ns/
ls -la /proc/self/ns/
# Check namespace differences
diff /proc/1/ns/mnt /proc/self/ns/mnt
# Check namespace capabilities
cat /proc/self/status | grep Ns
```
### 3. Recovery Procedures
#### Namespace Recovery
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Namespace recovery script
echo "=== Namespace Recovery ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check namespace availability
echo "Checking namespace availability..."
if [ ! -e /proc/1/ns/mnt ]; then
echo "ERROR: Host mount namespace not available"
exit 1
fi
# Check privileges
echo "Checking privileges..."
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "ERROR: Must run as root"
exit 1
fi
# Test namespace access
echo "Testing namespace access..."
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls / > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ERROR: Cannot access host namespace"
exit 1
fi
echo "Namespace recovery successful"
```
#### Command Recovery
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Command recovery script
echo "=== Command Recovery ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check command availability
echo "Checking command availability..."
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace which "$1" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ERROR: Command not found: $1"
echo "Available commands:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /bin
exit 1
fi
# Test command execution
echo "Testing command execution..."
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace "$1" --help > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "WARNING: Command may not work as expected"
fi
echo "Command recovery successful"
```
### 4. Performance Analysis
#### Execution Performance
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Execution performance analysis
echo "=== Execution Performance Analysis ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Time command execution
echo "Timing command execution..."
time bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls /
# Check resource usage
echo "Resource usage:"
ps aux | grep bootc | awk '{sum+=$6} END {print sum/1024 " MB"}'
# Check system load
echo "System load:"
uptime
```
#### Namespace Performance
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Namespace performance analysis
echo "=== Namespace Performance Analysis ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Time namespace operations
echo "Timing namespace operations..."
time bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace uname -a
# Check namespace overhead
echo "Namespace overhead:"
time bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /bin/true
time /bin/true
# Check system performance
echo "System performance:"
bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace top -bn1 | head -20
```
### 5. Monitoring and Alerting
#### Health Check Script
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Health check script
HEALTH_STATUS=0
echo "=== Exec-in-Host-Mount-Namespace Health Check ==="
echo "Date: $(date)"
echo
# Check namespace availability
echo "Checking namespace availability..."
if [ ! -e /proc/1/ns/mnt ]; then
echo "ERROR: Host mount namespace not available"
HEALTH_STATUS=1
fi
# Check privileges
echo "Checking privileges..."
if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "ERROR: Must run as root"
HEALTH_STATUS=1
fi
# Test namespace access
echo "Testing namespace access..."
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace ls / > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ERROR: Cannot access host namespace"
HEALTH_STATUS=1
fi
# Test command execution
echo "Testing command execution..."
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /bin/true > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "ERROR: Command execution failed"
HEALTH_STATUS=1
fi
# Report health status
if [ $HEALTH_STATUS -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Health check passed"
else
echo "Health check failed"
fi
exit $HEALTH_STATUS
```
#### Alerting Script
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Alerting script
# Send alert to monitoring system
send_alert() {
local severity=$1
local message=$2
curl -X POST "https://monitoring.example.com/alerts" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d "{
\"service\": \"bootc-exec-in-host-mount-namespace\",
\"severity\": \"$severity\",
\"message\": \"$message\",
\"timestamp\": \"$(date -Iseconds)\"
}"
}
# Check system health
if ! /usr/local/bin/bootc-exec-in-host-mount-namespace-health-check.sh; then
send_alert "critical" "Exec-in-host-mount-namespace system health check failed"
fi
# Check namespace availability
if [ ! -e /proc/1/ns/mnt ]; then
send_alert "critical" "Host mount namespace not available"
fi
# Check command execution
if ! bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace /bin/true > /dev/null 2>&1; then
send_alert "warning" "Command execution in host namespace failed"
fi
```
## Best Practices
### 1. Usage Guidelines
- **Internal Use**: This is an internal command, not for direct user use
- **Container Context**: Use within container environments
- **Host Access**: Use when host mount namespace access is needed
- **Debugging**: Use for debugging and maintenance operations
### 2. Security Considerations
- **Privilege Requirements**: Ensure appropriate privileges
- **Namespace Access**: Verify namespace access permissions
- **Command Validation**: Validate commands before execution
- **Error Handling**: Implement proper error handling
### 3. Performance Optimization
- **Minimal Overhead**: Use only when necessary
- **Efficient Execution**: Use direct system calls
- **Resource Management**: Manage resources appropriately
- **Error Recovery**: Implement proper error recovery
This comprehensive examples and troubleshooting guide provides practical solutions for common issues and advanced debugging techniques for the bootc exec-in-host-mount-namespace system.
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